Malestar Psicológico y Estrés Postraumático en Pacientes Críticos y Familiares

• Judit Iglesias-Franco ^[2] ; Juan Martín-Torres ^[1] ; Raquel Salmerón-Mayoral ; Gema Vega-González ^[3]
  1. [1] Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre

     Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre

     Madrid, España

     
  2. [2] Hospital Universitario La Princesa.
  3. [3] Subdirección de Humanización de la Asistencia Sanitaria de la Consejería de Sanidad,

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• Localización: Revista iberoamericana de diagnóstico y evaluación psicológica, ISSN 1135-3848, ISSN-e 2183-6051, Vol. 4, Nº 74, 2024, págs. 165-181
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.21865/RIDEP74.4.11
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Psychological Distress and Post-Traumatic Stress in Critically Ill Patients and Relatives
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    Las experiencias vividas en las unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) pueden provocar un impacto psicológico sobre los usuarios. Por ello, se realizó un estudio prospectivo de cohortes en pacientes y familiares de una UCI que evaluó malestar psicológico (MP) durante el ingreso hospitalario (desglosado en ansiedad y depresión) y estrés postraumático (TEPT) tras el alta hospitalaria, mediante: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, StateTrait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory e Impact of event scale revisated. Los pacientes sufrieron mayor MP durante el ingreso, pero los familiares mayor TEPT tras el alta. Los factores de riesgo detectados (toma previa de psicofármacos, afrontamiento de evitación y no centrado en las emociones, no tener estudios universitarios, dependencia al alta de la UCI, toma de decisiones de adecuación del esfuerzo terapéutico y mortalidad intrahospitalaria) facilitan la identificación de poblaciones susceptibles permitiendo diseñar intervenciones para disminuir la probabilidad de psicopatología tras la estancia en la UCI.

  • English

    Experiences in intensive care units (ICU) can have a psychological impact on patients and their relatives.

    Therefore, a prospective cohort study was designed to assess this psychological impact in patients and relatives of an ICU through psychological distress (PD) during hospital admission (broken down into anxiety and depression) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after hospital discharge by: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Deppression Inventory and Impact of event scale revisated. Patients suffered greater PD during admission, but relatives suffered greater PTSD after discharge.

    The risk factors identified (previous psychotropic drugs, avoidant and non-emotion-focused coping, no university education, functional impairment at ICU discharge, decisions to withhold or withdraw treatment and in-hospital mortality) facilitate the early identification of susceptible populations so interventions could be designed to reduce the likelihood of developing psychopathology after an ICU stay.

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