El ajuste psicosocial de jóvenes ex-tutelados en su transición a la vida adulta independiente

• Autores: Federica Gullo, Laura García Alba, Amaia Bravo Arteaga, Jorge Fernández del Valle
• Localización: International Journal of Social Psychology, Revista de Psicología Social, ISSN-e 1579-3680, ISSN 0213-4748, Vol. 38, Nº 1, 2023, págs. 35-65
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2022.2132747
• Títulos paralelos:
  • The psychosocial adjustment of care leavers in their transition to adult independent living
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    La población extutelada, que cumplen la mayoría de edad bajo una medida de protección de menores, constituyen una población especialmente vulnerable que transita a la vida adulta de manera acelerada, prematura y con escasos recursos, lo que dificulta su integración social. Esto, junto a sus experiencias de victimización, hace que padezcan en mayor medida problemas de salud mental, un autoconcepto negativo y menor bienestar. El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido analizar el ajuste psicosocial de la población extutelada en términos de autoestima, bienestar y problemas conductuales y emocionales, así como la influencia de ciertas variables sociodemográficas y relativas a sus situaciones sobre estas dimensiones. Participaron 150 personas extuteladas procedentes de varias Comunidades Autónomas Españolas. Los datos se recogieron mediante una entrevista semiestructurada y algunas pruebas estandarizadas. Los análisis bivariados y multivariados llevados a cabo evidenciaron peores niveles de ajuste entre las chicas, quienes eran más jóvenes, así como quienes tenían cierto malestar y menores apoyos. Los resultados apuntan a la importancia de adoptar enfoques de género y reforzar los apoyos proporcionados a esta población.

  • English

    Youths who come of age in out-of-home care are an especially vulnerable population who transition to adulthood quickly, prematurely and with few resources, which hinders their social integration. This, coupled with their experiences of victimization, means that they suffer from more mental health problems, negative self-concept and lower well-being. The objective of this study was to analyse the psychosocial adjustment of care leavers in terms of self-esteem, well-being and behavioural and emotional problems, as well as the influence of certain sociodemographic variables and variables related to their situations on these dimensions. One hundred and fifty care leavers from different Autonomous Communities in Spain participated in the study. The data were collected via a semi-structured interview and several standardized tests. The bivariate and multivariate analyses conducted revealed lower levels of adjustment among girls, the youngest and those with poorer outcomes and lower supports. The results highlight the importance of taking gender approaches and reinforcing the support provided to this population.

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