El proceso de transición a la vida adulta de jóvenes acogidos en el sistema de protección infantil. Revisión de la investigación y respuestas

• Mónica López ; Iriana Santos González ; Amaia Bravo Arteaga ^[1] ; Jorge Fernández del Valle ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Oviedo

     Universidad de Oviedo

     Oviedo, España

     
• Localización: Anales de psicología, ISSN-e 1695-2294, ISSN 0212-9728, Vol. 29, Nº. 1, 2013, págs. 187-196
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.6018/analesps.29.1.130542
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 46 Citas
• Resumen

  • En este artículo se revisan diversas investigaciones de carácter nacional e internacional sobre los adolescentes que egresan del sistema de protección. Se trata de jóvenes que al cumplir los 18 años estando acogidos en hogares de protección o con familias se ven inmersos en un proceso de transición a la vida adulta muy diferente al del resto de sus iguales. La investigación pone de manifiesto cómo la transición de estos menores es más breve, comprimida y acelerada que la de sus pares, presentando mayores dificultades en diferentes aspectos tales como el empleo, el alojamiento, los logros educativos, la salud física y mental, etc. Esta problemática está recabando cada día más interés a nivel internacional llevándose a cabo diversas reformas legales que en la práctica se traducen en la ampliación de la estancia en los recursos de protección, la implementación de programas de entrenamiento en habilidades para la vida independiente, la introducción de las figuras de consejeros y mentores, un mayor énfasis en la educación y el empleo, así como la creación de planes individuales de emancipación, entre otros. En nuestro país los egresados comienzan a ser tenidos en cuenta en algunas leyes autonómicas de reciente creación que hacen referencia a la necesidad de invertir esfuerzos en la transición a la vida adulta de los jóvenes en protección.

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