Reconsolidación de la memoria como factor común en psicoterapia del trauma

• Nerea Bárez ^[1]
  1. [1] NB Psicología (Madrid), España. Instituto Español de Psicoterapia Integradora (Madrid), España
• Localización: Clínica Contemporánea: revista de diagnóstico psicológico, psicoterapia y salud, ISSN-e 1989-9912, Vol. 16, Nº. 3, 2025
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Memory reconsolidation as a common factor in trauma psychoterapy
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    La reconsolidación de la memoria podría ser un mecanismo clave en la comprensión del cambio terapéutico, proporcionando una posible explicación transversal a la eficacia de diversas intervenciones psicológicas centradas en el trauma. Este artículo revisa la literatura en este campo, analizando los principios del funcionamiento de la memoria aplicables a la terapia, con especial énfasis en la reconsolidación como mecanismo de cambio. Se plantea una crítica a modelos terapéuticos establecidos, comparando la reconsolidación con los fundamentos de enfoques tradicionales como la exposición y la terapia cognitivo-conductual centrada en trauma. Además, se examina cómo algunos enfoques (EMDR por ejemplo) podrían estar facilitando parcialmente este proceso de manera incidental, sin haber sido diseñadas explícitamente con ese propósito. Se destacan oportunidades para optimizar la integración de la reconsolidación en la práctica clínica y se proponen futuras líneas de investigación para desarrollar intervenciones estructuradas basadas en este principio.

  • English

    Memory reconsolidation may be a key mechanism in understanding therapeutic change, providing a possible comprehensive explanation of the efficacy of various trauma- focused psychological interventions. This study reviews the literature in this field, examining the principles of memory ing relevant to therapy, with a particular emphasis on reconsolidation as a mechanism of change. A critique of established therapeutic models is presented, comparing reconsolidation with the theoretical foundations of traditional approaches such as exposure therapy and trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy. Additionally, the study explores hw certain approaches (e.g., eye movement desensitization and reprocessing [EMDR]) may incidentally facilitate this process without being explicitly designed for that purpose. Finally, opportunities for optimizing the integration of reconsolidation into clinical practice are highlighted, and future research directions for developing structured interventions based on this principle are proposed.

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