Revisión narrativa sobre factores relacionados con la salud en los videojuegos y deportes electrónicos

• Jorge García Bastida ^[1] ; Guillermo Mendoza ^[2] ; Leandro Álvarez-Kurogi ^[1] ; Higinio González-García ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Internacional de La Rioja

     Universidad Internacional de La Rioja

     Logroño, España

     
  2. [2] Universidad Privada de Santa Cruz de la Sierra

     Universidad Privada de Santa Cruz de la Sierra

     Bolivia

     
• Localización: Revista de educación, ISSN 0034-8082, Nº 405 (Julio-Septiembre), 2024 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Gamificación, Videojuegos y eSports), págs. 223-248
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.4438/1988-592X-RE-2024-405-633
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Narrative review on factors related to health in video games and electronic sports
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la evidencia empírica sobre los efectos fisiológicos, rendimiento y salud de jugadores de videojuegos y deportes electrónicos. Se realizó una revisión narrativa de la literatura científica sobre el estado de la cuestión de factores asociados a la fisiología, rendimiento y salud en videojuegos y deportes electrónicos. Los resultados mostraron importantes hallazgos en los niveles de cinco hormonas, alta presión arterial sistólica y mayor frecuencia cardíaca; en los exergaming se mostraron resultados favorables con algunas ayudas ergogénicas, activación cerebral, rendimientos cognitivo, sensoriomotor y corticoespinal, fuerza, equilibrio, capacidades cardiovasculares y bienestar social y psicológico; los eSports pueden suscitar fatiga ocular, síndrome miofascial, tendinosis, dolores/síndromes musculoesqueléticos, consumo de comida insana, bebidas azucaradas, estimulantes o sustancias dopantes, afectar el sueño y variar la frecuencia cardiaca; y se determinaron las causas, síntomas, perfiles y relación del trastorno por juego en Internet (IGD) con la adicción a los videojuegos y deportes electrónicos. Como conclusión, es destacable el impacto positivo de la práctica de deportes electrónicos y videojuegos en distintos aspectos de la salud y se deben adoptar medidas con los jugadores de deportes electrónicos para evitar los efectos negativos de un uso excesivo de videojuegos.

  • English

    The objective of this work was to analyze the empirical evidence on the physiological effects, performance and health of video game and electronic sports players. A narrative review of the scientific literature was carried out on the state of the art of factors associated with physiology, performance and health, in video games and electronic sports. Results showed important findings in the levels of five hormones, high systolic blood pressure and increased heart rate; it was found in exergaming favorable results with some ergogenic aids, brain activation and cognitive, sensorimotor and corticospinal performance, strength, balance, cardiovascular capacities, and social and psychological well-being; eSports can cause eye fatigue, myofascial syndrome, tendinosis, musculoskeletal pain/ syndromes, consumption of unhealthy food, sugary drinks, stimulants or doping substances, affect sleep and heart rate variation; and the causes, symptoms, profiles and relationship of Internet gaming disorder (IGD) with addiction to video games and electronic sports were also determined. In conclusion, it is noteworthy the positive impact of practising electronic sports and video games on health, and measures must be taken with electronic sports players to avoid the negative effects of excessive use of video games.

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