Social Self-perception in Adolescents: Accuracy and Bias in their Perceptions of Acceptance/Rejection

• Autores: María Portillo Lobillo, Francisco Javier Fernández Baena
• Localización: Psicología educativa, ISSN 1135-755X, Vol. 26, Nº. 1, 2020, págs. 1-6
• Idioma: inglés
• Títulos paralelos:
  • La autopercepción social en los adolescentes: la precisión y los sesgos en su percepción de la aceptación/rechazo
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Dialnet Métricas: 3 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    La autopercepción social contribuye a la adaptación social. La precisión perceptiva se asocia con la aceptación entre iguales, mientras que la falta de precisión se ha relacionado con relaciones sociales pobres, soledad y problemas internalizantes. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar los sesgos y la precisión, tanto generalizada como diádica, que presentan los adolescentes al percibir la aceptación y el rechazo, así como examinar su relación con la edad, el género y el estatus sociométrico. La muestra constó de 206 adolescentes (50.49% chicas) con edades comprendidas entre 12 y 19 años (M = 14.39, DT = 1.64), a los que se aplicó un cuestionario sociométrico. Los resultados muestran que la precisión perceptiva generalizada se asoció con la edad, siendo los adolescentes mayores más precisos. Además, se observaron diferencias según el género en la percepción generalizada de rechazo, siendo las chicas menos precisas. En relación al estatus sociométrico, los adolescentes populares y rechazados tendían a subestimar en qué medida serían aceptados y rechazados, respectivamente. Se concluye que la autopercepción social de los adolescentes varía según la edad, el género y el estatus sociométrico.

  • English

    Social self-perception contributes to the development of social adjustment. Perception accuracy is associated with acceptance by peers, whereas inaccurate social perception has been linked to poor peer relationships, loneliness, and internalizing problems. The aim of this study was to analyze bias and both generalized and dyadic accuracy in adolescents’ perceptions of acceptance and rejection, and to examine the association with age, gender, and sociometric status. Participants were 206 adolescents (50.49% girls) aged between 12 and 19 years (M = 14.39, SD = 1.64). A sociometric test was administered. Results show that generalized perception accuracy was influenced by age, with older adolescents being more accurate. Gender differences were observed in generalized perceptions of rejection, with girls being less accurate. Regarding sociometric status, popular and rejected adolescents tended to underestimate the extent to which they were accepted and rejected, respectively. It is concluded that adolescents’ social self-perception vary according to age, gender, and sociometric status.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Badalay, D., Schwartz, D., & Hopmeyer, A. (2012). Social status, perceived social reputations, and perceived dyadic relationships in early...
  • Bellmore, A. D., & Cillessen, A. H. N. (2003). Children’s meta-perceptions and meta-accuracy of acceptance and rejection by same-sex and...
  • Bierman, K. L. (2004). Peer rejection, developmental process and intervention strategies. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
  • Boor-Klip, H. J., Cillessen, A. H. N., & Van Hell, J. G. (2014). Social understanding of high-ability children in middle and late childhood....
  • Campbell, J. D., & Fehr, B. (1990). Self-esteem and perceptions of conveyed impressions: Is negative affectivity associated with greater...
  • Cantón, J., Cortés, M. R., & Cantón, D. (2011). Desarrollo socioafectivo y de la personalidad. Madrid, Spain: Alianza Editorial.
  • Cillessen, A. H. N., & Bellmore, A. D. (1999). Accuracy of social selfperceptions and peer competence in middle childhood. Merrill-Palmer...
  • Coie, J., Dodge, K. A., & Coppotelli, H. (1982). Dimensions and types of social status: A cross-age perspective. Development Psychology,...
  • Crick, N. R., & Dodge, K. A. (1994). A review and reformulation of social information-processing mechanisms in children’s social adjustment....
  • Dahl, R. E., Allen, N. B., Wilbrecht, L., & Suleiman, A. B. (2018). Importance of investing in adolescence from a developmental science...
  • De Bruyn, E. H., Cillessen, A. H. N., & Wissink, I. (2010). Associations of popularity with bullying and victimization in early adolescence....
  • Flavell, J. H. (1988). The development of children’s knowledge about the mind: from cognitive connections to mental representations. In J....
  • García-Bacete, F. J., Marande-Perrin, G., Schneider, B. H., & Cillessen, A. H. N. (2019). Children’s awareness of peer rejection and teacher...
  • García-Bacete, F. J., Sureda, I., & Monjas, M.I. (2008). Distribución sociométrica en las aulas de chicos y chicas a lo largo de la escolaridad...
  • García-Bacete, F. J, Sureda, I., & Monjas, M. I. (2010). El rechazo entre iguales en la educación primaria: una panorámica general [Peer...
  • Hutteman, R., Nestler, S., Wagner, J., Egloff, B., & Back, M. D. (2015). Wherever I may roam: Processes of self-esteem development from...
  • Kenny, D. A. (1994). Interpersonal perception: A social relations analysis. New York, NY: Guilford.
  • Kilford, E. J., Garret, E., & Blakemore, S. (2016). The development of social cognition in adolescence: An integrated perspective. Neuroscience...
  • Kistner, J. A., David-Ferdon, C. F., Repper, K. K., & Joiner, T. E. (2006). Bias and accuracy of children’s perceptions of peer acceptance:...
  • Kuhn, D. (2006). Do cognitive changes accompany developments in the adolescent brain? Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1, 59-67. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2006.t01-2-.x
  • Ladd, G. W. (1999). Peer relationships and social competence during early and middle childhood. Annual Review of Psychology, 50, 336-359....
  • Laible, D. J., Carlo, G., & Roesch, S. C. (2004). Pathways to self-esteem in late adolescence: The role of parent and peer attachment,...
  • Lynch, R., Kistner, J. A., Stephens, H., & David-Ferdon, C. (2016). Positively biased self-perceptions of peer acceptance and subtypes...
  • MacDonald, C. D., & Cohen, R. (1995). Children’s awareness of which peers like them and which peers dislike them. Social Development,...
  • Malloy, T. E., Albright, L., & Scarpati, S. (2007). Awareness of peers’ judgments of oneself: Accuracy and process of metaperception....
  • Malloy, T. E., & Cillessen, A. H. N. (2008). Variance component analysis of generalized and dyadic peer perceptions in adolescence. In...
  • Martín, E., & Muñoz de Bustillo, M. C. (2009). Un análisis contextual de la preferencia y el rechazo entre iguales en la escuela [A contextual...
  • McQuade, J. D., Achufusi, A. K., Shoulberg, E. K., & Murray-Close, D. (2014). Biased self-perceptions of social competence and engagement...
  • Mohanan, K. C., & Booth-LaForce, C. (2016). Deflected pathways: Becoming aggressive, socially withdrawn, or prosocial with peers during...
  • Morrow, M. T., Hubbard, J. A., Sallee, M. L., Barhight, L. R., Lines, M. M., & Rubin, R. M. (2015). Dyadic accuracy and bias in preadolescents’...
  • Neal, J. W., Neal, Z. P., & Capella, E. (2016). Seeing and being seen: Predictors of accurate perceptions about classmates’ relationships....
  • Papalia, D., & Martorell, G. (2017). Desarrollo humano [Human development]. México DF, Mexico: Mc Graw-Hill.
  • Sally, C. G., Vannata, K., Gerhardt, C. A., & Noll, R. B. (2010). Social selfperception accuracy: Variations as a function of child age...
  • Smith, S. D., Van Gessel, C. A., David-Ferdon, C., & Kistner, J. A. (2013). Sex differences in children’s discrepant perceptions of peer...
  • Stephens, H. F., Lynch, R. J., & Kistner, J. A. (2016). Positively biased self-perceptions: Who has them and what are their effects? Child...
  • Sureda, I., García-Bacete, J. F., & Monjas, I. (2009). Razones de niños y niñas de diez y once años para preferir o rechazar a sus iguales...
  • Van Hoorn, J., Van Dijk, E., Meuwese, R., Rieffe, C., & Crone, E. A. (2016). Peer influence on prosocial behavior in adolescence. Journal...