Active aging program in nursing homes: effects on psychological well-being and life satisfaction

• Cristina Buedo-Guirado ^[1] ; Laura Rubio ^[1] ; Cristina G. Dumitrache ^[1] ; Juan Romero-Coronado ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Granada

     Universidad de Granada

     Granada, España

     
• Localización: Psychosocial Intervention, ISSN 1132-0559, Vol. 29, Nº. 1, 2020, págs. 49-57
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.5093/pi2019a18
• Títulos paralelos:
  • El envejecimiento activo en residencias para personas mayores: su efecto en el bienestar psicológico y la satisfacción vital
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo  1    2 (pdf) 
• Dialnet Métricas: 6 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    Se ha implementado un gran número de estrategias de intervención para promover el envejecimiento activo basadasen el mantenimiento del bienestar físico, psicológico y social. Muchas de esas estrategias se han llevado a cabo conpersonas mayores sin dependencia física o cognitiva, mientras que las personas mayores institucionalizadas no hansido un grupo objetivo. El principal objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el efecto de un programa de envejecimientoactivo sobre el bienestar psicológico y la satisfacción vital de personas mayores institucionalizadas. Participó un grupo de141 personas mayores con adecuadas capacidades psicomotoras (Medad = 85.50 años, DT = 8.47), utilizándose un diseñocuasiexperimental pretest-postest con grupo control y grupo experimental. El grupo control participó en un programatradicional limitado de envejecimiento activo ofrecido en residencias (estimulación cognitiva y ejercicio físico) mientrasque el grupo experimental participó en un programa global de envejecimiento activo. Tras la intervención aumentó lapuntuación media de los participantes del grupo experimental en bienestar psicológico y satisfacción vital, mientras queno se observaron cambios en el grupo control, mejoras que se mantuvieron 12 meses después de la intervención. Esteestudio sugiere que la inclusión de un programa global de envejecimiento activo en residencias para personas mayores quecontemple medidas para impulsar el empoderamiento, la participación y la apertura social contribuye al mantenimientodel bienestar percibido.

  • English

    A great number of intervention strategies that provide opportunities to maintain physical, psychological, and social wellbeing have been carried out in order to promote active aging. Most of these strategies are aimed at people without physicalor cognitive dependence, while institutionalized older people have not been considered as a target group. The main objectiveof this study was to analyze the effect of an active aging program on the psychological well-being and life satisfaction ofinstitutionalized older people. A total of 141 participants with adequate psychomotor skills were selected (Mage = 85.50 years,SD = 8.47), and a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with a control group and an experimental group was used. Thecontrol group participated in the traditional limited active aging program offered in long-term care facilities – cognitivestimulation and physical activity – while the experimental group participated in a comprehensive active aging program. Afterthe intervention, participants from the experimental group showed improvements in the mean values of psychological wellbeing and life satisfaction, while no change was found in the control group. The improvements in psychological well-beingand life satisfaction were maintained 12 months later in the follow-up evaluation. This study suggests that the inclusionof a comprehensive active aging program in nursing homes, that comprises actions aimed at promoting empowerment,participation, and social openness, contributes to the maintenance of perceived well-being.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Act 39/2006, December 14th, on the promotion of personal autonomy and care for dependent people. BOE 299. 44142
  • Atienza, F. L,Pons, D,Balaguer, I,García-Merita, M. L.. (2000). Propiedades psicométricas de la escala de satisfacción con la vida en adolescentes....
  • Caprara, M.. (2008). Psicología de la vejez: una psicogerontología aplicada. Pirámide. Madrid, Spain.
  • Caprara, M,Molina, M. A,Schettini, R,Santacreu, M,Orosa, T,Mendoza-Nunez, V. M,Fernández-Ballesteros, R. (2013). Active aging promotion: Results...
  • Caprara, G. V,Steca, P,Alessandri, G,Abela, J. R,McWhinnie, C. M.. (2010). Positive orientation: Explorations on what is common to life satisfaction,...
  • Cohen, J.. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Erlbaum. Hillsdale, NJ.
  • Díaz, D,Rodríguez-Carvajal, R,Blanco, A,Moreno-Jiménez, B,Gallardo, I,Valle, C,Van Dierendock, D.. (2006). Adaptación española de las escalas...
  • Diener, E.. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin. 95. 542
  • Diener, E,Emmons, R. A,Larsen, R. J,Griffin, S.. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment. 49. 71
  • Fernández-Ballesteros, R.. (2009). Envejecimiento activo. Pirámide. Madrid, Spain.
  • Fernández-Ballesteros, R,Caprara, M. G,Iñiguez, J,García, L. F.. (2005). Promoción del envejecimiento activo: Efectos del programa «Vivir...
  • Fernández-Ballesteros, R,Molina, M. A,Schettini, R,del Rey, A. L.. (2012). Promoting active aging through university programs for older adults....
  • Fernández-Mayoralas, G,Rojo-Pérez, F,Martínez-Martín, P,Prieto-Flores, M,Rodríguez-Blazquez, C,Martín-García, S,Forjaz, M.. (2015). Active...
  • Folstein, M. F,Folstein, S. E,McHugh, P. R.. (1975). “Mini-mental state”. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for...
  • Foy, C. G,Vitolins, M. Z,Case, L. D,Harris, S. J,Massa-Fanale, C,Hopley, R. J,Gaspari, J.. (2013). Incorporating prosocial behavior to promote...
  • Hammond, C.. (2004). Impacts of lifelong learning upon emotional resilience, psychological and mental health: Fieldwork evidence. Oxford Review...
  • Hansen, T,Aartsen, M,Slagsvold, B,Deindl, C.. (2018). Dynamics of volunteering and life satisfaction in midlife and old age: Findings from...
  • Ho, H. C.. (2017). Elderly volunteering and psychological well-being. International Social Work. 60. 1028
  • Hooker, S. P,Seavey, W,Weidmer, C. E,Harvey, D. J,Stewart, A. L,Gillis, D. E,King, A. C.. (2005). The California Active Aging Community Grant...
  • Jenkins, A,Mostafa, T.. (2015). The effects of learning on wellbeing for older adults in England. Ageing & Society. 35. 2053
  • Jiménez, M. G,Izal, M,Montorio, I.. (2016). Programa para la mejora del bienestar de las personas mayores. Estudio piloto basado en la psicología...
  • Karatas, K,Duyan, V.. (2008). Difficulties that elderly people encounter and their life satisfaction. Social Behavior and Personality. 36....
  • Kasser, V. G,Ryan, R. M.. (1999). The relation of psychological needs for autonomy and relatedness to vitality, well-being, and mortality...
  • Li, C,Jiang, S,Li, N,Zhang, Q.. (2018). Influence of social participation on life satisfaction and depression among Chinese elderly: Social...
  • Lobo, A,Saz, P,Marcos, G.. (2002). Adaptación del Examen Cognoscitivo Mini-Mental. Tea Ediciones. Madrid, Spain.
  • Marsillas, S,De Donder, L,Kardol, T,van Regenmortel, S,Dury, S,Brosens, D,Varela, J.. (2017). Does active ageing contribute to life satisfaction...
  • Mendoza-Ruvalcaba, N,Arias-Merino, E.. (2015). “I am active”: Effects of a program to promote active aging. Clinical Interventions in Aging....
  • Minagawa, Y,Saito, Y.. (2015). Active social participation and mortality risk among older people in Japan: Results from a nationally representative...
  • Ní Mhaoláin, A. M,Gallagher, D,O Connell, H,Chin, A,Bruce, I,Hamilton, F,Cunningham, C.. (2012). Subjective well-being amongst community-dwelling...
  • Ors, A. Maciá. (2013). Mayores institucionalizados. Valoración de la satisfacción & el bienestar en una residencia geriátrica religiosa....
  • Park, N. S.. (2009). The relationship of social engagement to psychological well-being of older adults in assisted living facilities. Journal...
  • Paúl, C,Teixeira, L,Ribeiro, O.. (2017). Active aging in very old age and the relevance of psychological aspects. Frontiers in Medicine. 4....
  • Pilkington, P,Windsor, T. D,Crisp, D. A.. (2012). Volunteering and subjective well-being in midlife and older adults: the role of supportive...
  • Ryff, C.. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social...
  • Steptoe, A,Deaton, A,Stone, A. A.. (2015). Psychological wellbeing, health and ageing. Lancet. 385. 640
  • Tomás, J. M,Meléndez, J. C,Navarro, E.. (2008). Modelos factoriales confirmatorios de las escalas de Ryff en una muestra de personas mayores....
  • Van Malderen, L,Mets, T,Gorus, E.. (2013). Interventions to enhance the quality of life of older people in residential long-term care: A systematic...
  • Windsor, T. D,Curtis, R. G,Luszcz, M. A.. (2015). Sense of purpose as a psychological resource for aging well. Developmental psychology. 51....
  • Woo, J,Leung, J,Zhang, T.. (2016). Successful aging and frailty: Opposite sides of the same coin?. Journal of the American Medical Directors...
  • World Health Organization. (2002). - WHO Active ageing: A polity framework. World Health Organization. Geneva, Switzerland.
  • World Health Organization. (2015). - WHO World report on ageing and health. World Health Organization. Geneva Switzerland.
  • Yamashita, T,López, E. B,Stevens, J,Keene, J. R.. (2017). Types of learning activities and life satisfaction among older adults in urban community-based...
  • Zaidi, A,Howse, K.. (2017). The policy discourse of active ageing: some reflections. Journal of Population Ageing. 10. 1-10
  • Zhang, W,Feng, Q,Lacanienta, J,Zhen, Z.. (2017). Leisure participation and subjective well-being: Exploring gender differences among elderly...
  • Zhang, Z,Zhang, J.. (2015). Social participation and subjective wellbeing among retirees in China. Social Indicators Research. 123. 143