Desarrollo fonológico tardío en niños españoles con pérdidas auditivas bilaterales

• Verónica Martínez ^[1] ; Ana Herrero ^[1] ; Gary Morgan ^[2]
  1. [1] Universidad de Oviedo

     Universidad de Oviedo

     Oviedo, España

     
  2. [2] City University

     City University

     DCC (Kotwali), Bangladés

     
• Localización: Journal for the Study of Education and Development, Infancia y Aprendizaje, ISSN-e 1578-4126, ISSN 0210-3702, Vol. 42, Nº 4, 2019, págs. 848-870
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.1080/02103702.2019.1650465
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Late phonological development in Spanish children with bilateral hearing loss
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• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen
  • español

    El presente estudio tiene doble objetivo, analizar y comparar los procesos fonológicos en una muestra de niños españoles con pérdidas auditivas, tanto con implante coclear como con audífono, con un grupo normativo normo-oyente; y establecer si hay diferencias entre los participantes con implante coclear y con audífono en la frecuencia y naturaleza de los procesos. La muestra está formada por 168 participantes, ocho con pérdidas auditivas (cuatro con implante y cuatro con audífono) y 160 normo-oyentes. Se recogen y transcriben muestras de habla espontánea con las herramientas del proyecto CHILDES. Para el análisis se adopta el paradigma de los procesos fonológicos, evaluando el desarrollo fonológico a partir de índices de error normativos. Los participantes con pérdidas auditivas muestran un desarrollo fonológico más lento en términos de procesos fonológicos, y, a su vez, procesos atípicos. Además, los participantes implantados cometen más errores fonológicos que los que llevan audífono. Se discuten las implicaciones de los resultados y se recomienda que la estimulación auditiva deberá realizarse precozmente en niños con pérdidas auditivas independientemente de su ayuda técnica.

  • English

    This study has a twofold objective: to analyse and compare the phonological processes in a sample of Spanish children with hearing loss, both with a cochlear implant and with a hearing aid, with a group with normal hearing; and to determine whether there are differences between the participants with a cochlear implant and with a hearing aid in the frequency and nature of the phonological processes. The sample is made up of 168 participants, eight with hearing loss (four with an implant and four with a hearing aid) and 160 with normal hearing. Samples of spontaneous speech were collected and transcribed using the tools from the CHILDES project. For the analysis, the phonological processes paradigm was adopted, evaluating phonological development based on normative error rates. The participants with a hearing loss show slower phonological development in terms of phonological processes, along with atypical processes. Furthermore, the participants with cochlear implants committed more phonological errors than those that wear a hearing aid. The implications of the results are discussed, and it is recommended that auditory stimulation should be done early in children with hearing loss regardless of their technical aid.

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