Razonamiento contrafáctico, responsabilidad y culpa de la violencia contra las mujeres en la pareja: educación y medios de comunicación como factores preventivos

• Autores: Susana Segura Vera
• Localización: Escritos de psicología, ISSN-e 1989-3809, ISSN 1138-2635, Vol. 5, Nº 3, 2012, págs. 43-51
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.5231/psy.writ.2012.0711
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Counterfactual reasoning, responsibility and blame for intimate partner violence against women: education and mass media as preventive factors
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    Esta investigación evalúa la percepción de las muertes por violencia contra las mujeres en la pareja. Se describen dos experimentos que analizan los efectos de la controlabilidad y la perspectiva en la causalidad percibida de estos sucesos medida a través del razonamiento contrafáctico sobre el pasado y sobre el futuro así como de las atribuciones de responsabilidad y culpa, evaluando los efectos de la empatía con una víctima en el segundo experimento. Las adscripciones de las respuestas de los participantes se centraron en factores controlables que fueron clasificados en cuatro categorías: el agresor, la víctima, las autoridades formales y la educación y los medios de comunicación. Los resultados muestran que los razonamientos contrafácticos dependen de la empatía, mientras que las atribuciones dependen de la empatía y la perspectiva. Estos resultados evidencian asociaciones entre estos procesos cognitivos, establecen factores de prevención sobre estos sucesos y permiten delimitar implicaciones específicas de este estudio para la educación y los medios de comunicación.

  • English

    This study focused on the perception of death due to intimate partner violence against women. I describe two experiments that analyzed the effects of controllability and perspective on the perceived causality of these events measured by means of counterfactual reasoning about the past and the future as much as attributions of responsibility and blame. The effects of empathy for a victim in the second experiment were also investigated. The participants' replies focused on controllable factors which were classified into four categories: perpetrator, victim, formal authority, and education and mass media. The results show that counterfactual reasoning depends on empathy whereas attributions depend on both empathy and perspective. These results demonstrate an association between these cognitive processes and also help to establish some factors that may prevent these events. Finally, specific implications for education and the mass media are drawn from the study.

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