Apoyo funcional vs. disfuncional en una muestra de pacientes crónicos. Su incidencia sobre la salud y el cumplimiento terapéutico

• Autores: María José Martos Méndez, Carmen Pozo Muñoz
• Localización: Anales de psicología, ISSN-e 1695-2294, ISSN 0212-9728, Vol. 27, Nº. 1, 2011, págs. 47-57
• Idioma: español
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 10 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    En este trabajo se analiza la incidencia tanto del apoyo social funcional como del �no funcional� o problemático, sobre la salud, el bien-estar y el cumplimiento terapéutico. La muestra del presente estudio está formada por un total de 202 enfermos. Del total, un 68% son mujeres y el 32% restante son varones. Los resultados muestran una relación significa-tiva entre el apoyo social (funcional y no funcional) y la salud y el cumpli-miento terapéutico. En cuanto a la salud, los mejores predictores de la misma son el apoyo social de la pareja y de los sanitarios y el no funcional de estos últimos. En el caso del bienestar se vuelve a remarcar la importan-cia del apoyo social de los sanitarios, al que se unen el apoyo de los familia-res y de la pareja. En cuanto al incumplimiento terapéutico es el apoyo social global y el apoyo no funcional de los amigos los mejores predictores del mismo. En síntesis, aunque el apoyo social funcional incide de manera positiva sobre la salud y la adherencia terapéutica de los pacientes analiza-dos, también es importante el impacto negativo que las conductas de apoyo no funcionales pueden tener sobre el bienestar y el cumplimiento.

  • English

    In this paper we analyse both social functional and �non-functional� or problematic support, with regard to health, well-being and adherence to treatment. The sample of the present study consists of a total of 202 patients, of which 68% are female and 32% male. The results show a significant relation between the social support (functional and non-functional) they receive and their health and adherence to treatment. The best predictors in terms of their health are the social support from the patient´s partner and from the medical staff, and the non-functional sup-port from the latter. As far as the patients´ well-being is concerned, the importance of medical social support is stressed once more, followed by that of their family and partner. As to the lack of adherence to treatment, the best predictors for this are global social support and non-functional support from friends. In short, although social functional support has a positive influence on the health and treatment adherence of the patients analysed, the negative impact that non-functional support behaviours can have on their well-being and treatment adherence is also important.

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