Dependencia de los esteroides anabolizantes-androgenizantes y mecanismos subyacentes

• Autores: Sonia Martínez Sanchís, Alicia Salvador López, María Teresa Arnedo
• Localización: Psicothema, ISSN-e 1886-144X, ISSN 0214-9915, Vol. 11, Nº. 3, 1999, págs. 531-544
• Idioma: español
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• Dialnet Métricas: 2 Citas
• Resumen

  • Los estudios en humanos sugieren que, en algunos casos, el abuso de esteroides anabolizantes-androgenizantes (EAAs) puede desencadenar un síndrome de dependencia de sustancias psicoactivas según los criterios del DSM-IV y semejante al de otras sustancias de abuso tanto en la sintomatología como en los sistemas de neurotransmisión implicados. En su desarrollo parecen intervenir mecanismos de refuerzo secundario positivo y negativo. Los estudios en animales sugieren que también podrían intervenir mecanismos de refuerzo primario positivo. Estos estudios, además, han mostrado que la testosterona (T) puede actuar como estímulo discriminativo y es capaz de potenciar el efecto reforzante de otras sustancias de abuso. En la actualidad los mecanismos neuroquímicos del abuso y dependencia todavía no han sido suficientemente estudiados aunque se apunta que el sistema dopaminérgico podría intervenir en las propiedades apetitivas de la T mientras la acción del sistema opiáceo explicaría, en parte, los síntomas de abstinencia.

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