L.S. Vygotsky’s understanding of reflection and a study of its influence on the electrophysiological activity of the brain

• Irina Polikanova ^[1] ; Sizikova Tatyana Eduardovna ^[2]
  1. [1] Higher School of Economics, National Research University

     Higher School of Economics, National Research University

     Rusia

     
  2. [2] Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University

     Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University

     Rusia

     
• Localización: Culture and Education, Cultura y Educación, ISSN-e 1578-4118, ISSN 1135-6405, Vol. 38, Nº 1 (marzo), 2026, págs. 157-182
• Idioma: inglés
• Títulos paralelos:
  • El concepto vygotskiano de la reflexión y un estudio de su influencia en la actividad electrofisiológica del cerebro
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• Resumen
  • español

    El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el impacto de la reflexión en el sistema nervioso central. Nuestra hipótesis incluye dos supuestos: primero, que tras la reflexión se da una actividad cerebral oscilatoria específica y segundo, que esta actividad varía en función de la edad. La novedad de este estudio reside en el registro de la actividad de las ondas antes y después de la reflexión, así como en la confirmación de los límites etarios de los cambios cualitativos en la reflexión determinados por indicadores psicofisiológicos. Los resultados revelan un efecto mayor de la reflexión en el sistema nervioso central en los participantes mayores de 22 años. Esta condición se caracteriza por una disminución de potencia en la banda inferior del ritmo theta (4–5.5 Hz) y un incremento de potencia en la banda inferior del ritmo alfa (8–9.5 Hz) y beta (14–20 Hz). Por el contrario, los participantes más jóvenes (entre 18 y 21 años) mostraron mayoritariamente un incremento de potencia en la banda inferior del ritmo alfa (8–9.5 Hz), que se relaciona con la actividad intelectual dirigida hacia el exterior, especialmente los procesos de atención.

  • English

    This study aims to examine the impact of reflection on the central nervous system. Our hypothesis included two assumptions: first, that specific brain oscillatory activity occurs after reflection; second, that this activity is age dependent. The novelty of the study lies in registering wave activity before and after acts of reflection, as well as in confirming the age boundary of qualitative changes in reflection by psychophysiological indicators. The results showed the strongest effect of reflection on the central nervous system in subjects over the age of 22. This condition is characterized by a decrease in power in the lower band of the theta rhythm (4–5.5 Hz) and an increase in power in the upper band of the theta rhythm (7–8 Hz), as well as an increase in power in the lower band of the alpha rhythm (8–9.5 Hz) and beta rhythm (14–20 Hz). In contrast, younger participants (18–21 years) primarily show an increase in lower alpha rhythm power (8–9.5 Hz), which is associated with outward-directed intellectual activity, particularly attention processes.

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