Variables involved in the functioning of adults with autism spectrum disorder level 1: A narrative review

• Rodríguez Romero, Diana Jimena ^[1] ; Gándara Rossi, Carmen ^[1] ; Magallón Recalde, Sara ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Navarra

     Universidad de Navarra

     Pamplona, España

     
• Localización: Siglo Cero: Revista Española sobre Discapacidad Intelectual, ISSN 2530-0350, Vol. 56, Nº 4, 2025, págs. 87-156
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.14201/scero.32298
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Variables implicadas en el funcionamiento de los adultos con trastorno del espectro autista nivel 1: revisión narrativa
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    Introducción y objetivos. Diversos estudios indican que los adolescentes y adultos con TEA nivel 1 (TEA-1) tienen dificultades en su funcionamiento a pesar de no tener una discapacidad intelectual comórbida. El objetivo de esta revisión fue analizar los factores que influyen significativamente en el funcionamiento de adultos con TEA-1. Se utilizaron los términos de búsqueda Asperger’s, “high-functioning autism”, adapt*, “daily function*” y sinónimos en 14 bases de datos. Finalmente se incluyeron en esta revisión un total de 44 artículos. Resultados y conclusiones. Múltiples factores están involucrados en el funcionamiento de los adultos con TEA-1, como la implementación de programas de transición a la vida adulta, el deterioro de las funciones ejecutivas, el nivel de afectación en la sintomatología y la salud mental, junto con factores socioambientales. Los pocos estudios que se han realizado sobre este último factor mencionan que las familias y los profesionales juegan un papel importante en el funcionamiento de los adultos con TEA-1. Por lo tanto, por sí solo, el cociente intelectual no es un predictor consistente del funcionamiento. Como conclusión importante, se requieren estudios que midan el funcionamiento de manera integral.

  • English

    Introduction and objectives. Several studies indicate that adolescents and adults with ASD level 1 (ASD-1) have difficulties in their functioning despite not having a comorbid intellectual disability. For this reason, the objective of this review was to analyse factors that significantly influence adults with ASD-1 functioning. The search terms Asperger’s, “high-functioning autism”, adapt*, “daily function*” and synonyms were used in 14 databases. A total of 44 articles were finally included in this review. Results and conclusions. Multiple factors are involved in the functioning of adults with ASD-1, such as the implementation of transition to adulthood programs, executive functions impairment, level of affectation in symptomatology and mental health, along with socio-environmental factors. The few studies that have been carried out on this last factor mention that families and professionals play an important role in the functioning of adults with ASD-1. Therefore, on its own, IQ is not a consistent predictor of functioning. As an important conclusion, studies that measure functioning holistically are required.

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