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Objectives: To review the maternal and fetal complications following cesarean section (CS) among women in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: We conducted a thorough search of PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to find pertinent literature. Rayyan QRCI was utilized during the entire process.
Results: We included ten studies with a total of 25,086 Saudi women. Wound infection, adhesions, blood transfusion requirements, placenta previa, bladder injury, and urinary tract infections were the most commonly reported postoperative complications in patients undergoing CS. The anesthetic complications included hypotension and bradycardia. Postpartum hemorrhage was the most common intra-operative complication. A low APGAR score that requires NICU was a common fetal complication following CS. The reported rate of fetal death and distress was very low.
Conclusion: A larger risk is linked to many repeat CS, however, it is not life-threatening. The maternal and fetal morbidity linked to repeated CS must be understood by both doctors and patients. Patients should be informed about the long-term effects of CS throughout their first and future pregnancies. If there are any predictors, more research is needed to determine which patient characteristics lead to better surgical results so that each patient can receive individualized counseling. Therefore, CS must be carried out safely and cautiously, particularly when the advantages outweigh the dangers associated with surgery.
