Cambio de Idioma como Mecanismo de Distanciamiento Emocional y su Implicación en las Conductas de Salud: una Revisión Sistemática

• Naroa Alcaide ^[1] ; Ainara Aranberri Ruiz ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea

     Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea

     Leioa, España

     
• Localización: Papeles del psicólogo, ISSN-e 1886-1415, ISSN 0214-7823, Vol. 45, Nº. 2, 2024 (Ejemplar dedicado a: DÉCIMA EDICIÓN DE TEST EDITADOS EN ESPAÑA), págs. 91-98
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.23923/pap.psicol.3037
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Language Switching as an Emotional Distancing Mechanism and its Implication for Health Behaviors: A Systematic Review
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo  1 (pdf)   2 (pdf) 
• Resumen
  • español

    Objetivos: El presente trabajo tiene como objetivos presentar los modelos teóricos más relevantes sobre las conductas de salud, analizar la influencia del distanciamiento emocional y el tipo de idioma −nativo o extranjero− en la toma de decisiones, e identificar el impacto que ejerce el cambio de un idioma nativo a uno extranjero sobre las decisiones y las conductas relacionadas con la salud. Metodología: Los dos primeros objetivos se abordaron a través de una revisión narrativa, mientras que para el último se realizó una revisión sistemática mediante el Protocolo PRISMA. Tras una selección de estudios en bases de datos especializadas, fueron siete los estudios seleccionados.

    Resultados: El cambio de una lengua nativa a una extranjera contribuyó a la mejora de la salud de las personas, pues correlacionó alta y positivamente con la intencionalidad de realizar conductas de salud a través del distanciamiento emocional. También se encontró un resultado en contra del efecto beneficioso del cambio a una lengua extranjera sobre la salud. Conclusiones: Futuras líneas de investigación deberían centrarse en analizar el impacto que ejercen las lenguas extranjeras sobre la mejora de la salud de las personas en contextos naturales y cotidianos.

  • English

    Objectives: The objectives of this study are to present the most relevant theoretical models on health behaviors, to analyze the influence of emotional distancing and the type of language−native or foreign−on decision making, and to identify the impact of changing from a native to a foreign language on health-related decisions and behaviors.

    Methodology: The first two objectives were addressed through a narrative review, while for the last one a systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA Protocol. A selection of studies in specialized databases resulted in seven studies being chosen. Results: Switching from a native language to a foreign language contributed to the improvement of people’s health, as it correlated highly and positively with the intentionality of performing health behaviors through emotional distancing. One result was also found contrary to the beneficial effect of switching to a foreign language on health. Conclusions: Future lines of research should focus on analyzing the impact of foreign languages on improving people’s health in natural and everyday contexts

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