Feasibility of and reactivity to ecological momentary assessment (EMA) during electronic cigarette use initiation in adults who smoke daily

• Bettina B. Hoeppner ^[1] ; David Eddie ^[1] ; Melissa Schick ^[2] ; Susanne S. Hoeppner ^[3] ; Lourah Kelly ^[4] ; John F. Kelly ^[1]
  1. [1] Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA 02114, United States; Center for Addiction Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 60 Staniford St., Boston, MA 02114, United States; Recovery Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 151 Merrimac St., 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02114, United States
  2. [2] Center for Addiction Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 60 Staniford St., Boston, MA 02114, United States; Recovery Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 151 Merrimac St., 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Division of Prevention and Community Research, Yale School of Medicine, 389 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
  3. [3] Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA 02114, United States
  4. [4] Center for Addiction Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 60 Staniford St., Boston, MA 02114, United States; Recovery Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 151 Merrimac St., 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 44 Lake Ave, Worcester, MA 01655, United States

  Mostrar afiliaciones +
• Localización: European journal of psychiatry, ISSN 0213-6163, Vol. 38, Nº 3, 2024
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100247
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen

  • Background and objectives This pilot study tested the feasibility of tracking e-cigarette initiation over three months using a burst-of-measurement approach and examined reactivity to the ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data capture technique in this context.

    Methods Adults who smoked daily and were interested in trying e-cigarette use received an e-cigarette starter kit and were randomized to complete EMA reports (n = 30) vs. not (n = 29). Participants (Mage=44.1 years [SD=12.6], 61.0 % male, 54.3 % White, 38.9 % Black/African American) smoked 13.0 cigarettes per day on average (SD=8.4) and reported mild-to-moderate nicotine dependence (MFTND=4.0 [SD=2.3]). Biochemical assessment and surveys were conducted at enrollment, e-cigarette initiation (1 week later), and 1-week, 1-month, and 3-month post e-cigarette initiation.

    Results A subset (17 %) of participants did not achieve the minimum 75 % EMA adherence at Week 1. The remaining participants showed excellent adherence with the EMA protocol, with a consistently high response rate to audibly prompted mini-surveys during screening (93 %) and follow-up weeks (93 %, 93 %, and 92 %, respectively). No consistent trend emerged in comparing the two randomized groups, either on variables relevant to the public health impact of e-cigarette initiation (i.e., cigarettes/day, exposure to smoke, exposure to nicotine, motivation to quit smoking), or in e-cigarette use (i.e., bouts/day, puffs/bout), with average Cohen's d values across timepoints ranging from d = 0.02 for exposure to smoke to d = 0.06 for cigarettes per day.

    Conclusions Conducting EMA with adults who smoke daily and are initiating e-cigarette use appears feasible, with some caveats. Reactivity to EMA during e-cigarette initiation appears to be small or non-significant.