Psychometric Properties of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) in Spanish Adolescents

• Canals, Josefa ^[2] ; García-López, Luis Joaquín ^[5] ; López-Fernández, Francisco Javier ^[1] ; Marzo, Juan Carlos ^[4] ; Morales-Hidalgo, Paula ^{[2] [3]} ; Piqueras, José Antonio ^[4]
  1. [1] Universitat Jaume I

     Universitat Jaume I

     Castellón, España

     
  2. [2] Universitat Rovira i Virgili

     Universitat Rovira i Virgili

     Tarragona, España

     
  3. [3] Universitat Oberta de Catalunya

     Universitat Oberta de Catalunya

     Barcelona, España

     
  4. [4] Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche

     Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche

     Elche, España

     
  5. [5] Universidad de Jaén

     Universidad de Jaén

     Jaén, España

     

  Mostrar afiliaciones +
• Localización: The Spanish Journal of Psychology, ISSN 1138-7416, Nº 27, 2024
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.1017/SJP.2024.3
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen

  • Few studies have examined the psychometric properties of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) in a large adolescent community sample, finding a significant disparity. This study explores the psychometric properties of the CD-RISC among Spanish adolescents by means of exploratory factor analysis (EFA), Rasch analysis, and measurement invariance (MI) across sex, as well as internal consistency and criterion validity. The sample was comprised of 463 adolescents (231 girls), aged 12 to 18 years, who completed the CD-RISC and other measures on emotional status and quality of life. The EFA suggested that the CD-RISC structure presented a unidimensional model. Consequently, shorter unidimensional CD-RISC models observed in the literature were explored. Thus, the Campbell-Sills and Stein CD–RISC–10 showed the soundest psychometric properties, providing an adequate item fit and supporting MI and non-differential item functioning across sex. Item difficulty levels were biased toward low levels of resilience. Some items showed malfunctioning in lower response categories. With regard to reliability, categorical omega was. 82. Strong associations with health-related quality of life, major depressive disorder symptoms, and emotional symptoms were observed. A weak association was found between resilience and the male sex. Campbell-Sills and Stein’s CD–RISC–10 model emerges as the best to assess resilience among Spanish adolescents, as already reported in adults. Thus, independently of the developmental stage, the core of resilience may reside in the aspects of hardiness and persistence.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Ari, F. A., & Çarkit, E. (2020). Investigation of resilience in terms of gender: A meta-analysis study. Research on Education and Psychology,...
  • Ang, W. H. D., Lau, S. T., Cheng, L. J., Chew, H. S. J., Tan, J. H., Shorey, S., & Lau, Y. (2022). Effectiveness of resilience interventions...
  • Arias González, V. B., Crespo Sierra, M. T., Arias Martínez, B., Martínez-Molina, A., & Ponce, F. P. (2015). An in-depth psychometric...
  • Bobes, J., Bascaran, M. T., García-Portilla, M. P., Bousoño, M., Sáiz, P.A., & Wallance, D. H. (2001). Banco de instrumentos básicos de...
  • Brownlee, K., Rawana, J., Franks, J., Harper, J., Bajwa, J., O’Brien, E., & Clarkson, A. (2013). A systematic review of strengths and...
  • Burns, R. A., & Anstey, K. J. (2010). The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC): Testing the invariance of a uni-dimensional resilience...
  • Campbell-Sills, L., & Stein, M. B. (2007). Psychometric analysis and refinement of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC): Validation...
  • Chen, F. F. (2007). Sensitivity of goodness of fit indexes to lack of measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary...
  • Chen, W., Liang, Y., Yang, T., Gao, R., & Zhang, G. (2022). Validity and longitudinal invariance of the 10-Item Connor-Davidson Resilience...
  • Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling:...
  • Chorpita, B. F., Yim, L., Moffitt, C., Umemoto, L. A., & Francis, S. E. (2000). Assessment of symptoms of DSM–IV anxiety and depression...
  • Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 155–159. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155
  • Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. T. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depression...
  • Davidson, J. R. T., Payne, V. M., Connor, K. M., Foa, E. B., Rothbaum, B. O., Hertzberg, M. A., & Weisler, R. H. (2005). Trauma, resilience...
  • Dorans, N. J., Schmitt, A. P., & Bleistein, C. A. (1992). The standardization approach to assessing comprehensive differential item functioning....
  • Ehrich, J., Mornane, A., & Powern, T. (2017). Psychometric validation of the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Journal of Applied...
  • Fabrigar, L. R., Wegener, D. T., MacCallum, R. C., & Strahan, E. J. (1999). Evaluating the use of exploratory factor analysis in psychological...
  • Feder, A., Nestler, E. J., & Charney, D. S. (2009). Psychobiology and molecular genetics of resilience. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 10,...
  • Fletcher, D., & Sarkar, M. (2013). Psychological resilience: A review and critique of defnitions, concepts and theory. European Psychologist,...
  • Flora, D. B. (2020). Your coefficient alpha is probably wrong, but which coefficient omega is right? A tutorial on using R to obtain better...
  • Fu, C., Leoutsakos, J.-M., & Underwood, C. (2014). An examination of resilience cross-culturally in child and adolescent survivors of...
  • García-León, M. Á., González-Gomez, A., Robles-Ortega, H., Padilla, J. L., & Peralta-Ramirez, I. (2019). Propiedades psicométricas de...
  • Garrido, L. E., Abad, F. J., & Ponsoda, V. (2013). A new look at Horn’s parallel analysis with ordinal variables. Psychological Methods,...
  • Gómez-Beneyto, M., Nolasco, A., Moncho, J., Pereyra-Zamora, P., Tamayo-Fonseca, N., Munarriz, M., Salazar, J., Tabarés-Seisdedos, R., &...
  • Gonzalez, S. P., Moore, E. W. G., Newton, M., & Galli, N. A. (2016). Validity and reliability of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale...
  • Goodman, R. (2001). Psychometric properties of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Journal of the American Academy of Child &...
  • Guarnizo Guzmán, C. P., García Martín, M. B., Suárez Falcón, J. C. & Sierra, M. A. (2019). Psychometric properties of the Connor-Davidson...
  • Goretzko, D., Pham, T. T. H., & Bühner, M. (2021). Exploratory factor analysis: Current use, methodological developments and recommendations...
  • Hladká, A., & Martinková, P. (2020). difNLR: Generalized logistic regression models for DIF and DDF Detection. The R Journal, 12, 300–323....
  • Heritage, B., Al Asadi, A. A., & Hegney, D. G. (2021). Examination of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10 (CD–RISC–10) using the polytomous...
  • Hu, L.-t., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new...
  • Hu, T., Zhang, D., & Wang, J. (2015). A meta-analysis of the trait resilience and mental health. Personality and Individual Differences,...
  • Izquierdo, I., Olea, J., & Abad, F. J. (2014). Exploratory factor analysis in validation studies: Uses and recommendations. Psicothema,...
  • Jorgensen, I. E., & Seedat, S. (2008). Factor structure of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale in South African adolescents. International...
  • Khan, A., Chien, C.-W., & Brauer, S. G. (2013). Rasch-based scoring offered more precision in differentiating patient groups in measuring...
  • Kuiper, H., van Leeuwen, C. C. M., Stolwijk-Swüste, J. M., & Post, M. W. M. (2019). Measuring resilience with the Connor-Davidson Resilience...
  • Li, M. H., & Nishikawa, T. (2012). The relationship between active coping and trait resilience across US and Taiwanese college student...
  • Linacre, J. M. (1999). Investigating rating scale category utility. Journal of Outcome Measurement, 3, 103–122.
  • Linacre, J. M. (2002). What do infit and outfit, mean-square and standardized mean. Rasch Measurement Transactions, 16, 878.
  • Liu, D. W. Y., Fairweather-Schmidt, A. K., Burns, R. A., & Roberts, R. M. (2015). The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale: Establishing invariance...
  • Lorenzo-Seva, U., & Ferrando, P. J. (2006). FACTOR: A computer program to fit the exploratory factor analysis model. Behavior Research...
  • MacCallum, R. C., Browne, M. W., & Sugawara, H. M. (1996). Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling....
  • Marsh, H. W., Hau, K.-T., & Wen, Z. (2004). In search of golden rules: Comment on hypothesis-testing approaches to setting cutoff values...
  • Masters, G. N., & Wright, B. D. (1997). The Partial Credit Model. In van der Linden, W. J. & Hambleton, R. K. (Eds.), Handbook of...
  • Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1997–2017). Mplus user’s guide (8th Ed.). Muthén & Muthén. https://www.statmodel.com/download/usersguide/MplusUserGuideVer_8.pdf
  • Myers, N. D., Wolfe, E. W., Feltz, D. L., & Penfield, R. D. (2006). Identifying differential item functioning of rating scale items with...
  • Notario-Pacheco, B., Solera-Martínez, M., Serrano-Parra, M. D., Bartolomé-Gutiérrez, R., García-Campayo, J., & Martínez-Vizcaíno, V. (2011)....
  • Oshio, A., Taku, K., Hirano, M., & Saeed, G. (2018). Resilience and Big Five personality traits: A meta-analysis. Personality and Individual...
  • Papini, N., Kang, M., Ryu, S., Griese, E., Wingert, T., & Herrmann, S. (2021). Rasch calibration of the 25-item Connor-Davidson resilience...
  • Peng, L., Zhang, J., Chen, H., Zhang, Y., Li, M., Yu, Y., & Liu, B. (2014). Comparison among different versions of Connor-Davidson Resilience...
  • Pulido-Martos, M., Fernández-Sánchez, M. D., & Lopez-Zafra, E. (2020). Measurement invariance across gender and age in the Connor-Davidson...
  • Putnick, D. L., & Bornstein, M. H. (2016). Measurement invariance conventions and reporting: The state of the art and future directions...
  • Ravens-Sieberer, U., Erhart, M., Rajmil, L., Herdman, M., Auquier, P., Bruil, J., Power, M., Duer, W., Abel, T., Czemy, L., Mazur, J., Czimbalmos,...
  • Sandín, B., Chorot, P., Valiente, R. M., & Chorpita, B. F. (2010). Development of a 30-Item version of the revised Child Anxiety and Depression...
  • Satorra, A. (2000). Scaled and adjusted restricted tests in multisample analysis of moment structures. In Heijmans, R. D. H., Pollock, D....
  • Seol, H. (2022). SnowIRT: Item Response Theory for jamovi (jamovi module) [Computer software]. Jamovi. https://github.com/hyunsooseol/snowIRT
  • The jamovi project (2022). Jamovi. (Version 2.3) [Computer software]. https://www.jamovi.org
  • Timmerman, M. E., & Lorenzo-Seva, U. (2011). Dimensionality assessment of ordered polytomous items with parallel analysis. Psychological...
  • Viladrich, C., Angulo-Brunet, A., & Doval, E. (2017). A journey around alpha and omega to estimate internal consistency reliability. Anales...
  • Waddimba, A. C., Baker, B. M., Pogue, J. R., McAuliffe, M. P., Bennett, M. M., Baxter, R. D., Mohr, D. C., & Warren, A. M. (2022). Psychometric...
  • West, S. G., Taylor, A. B., & Wu, W. (2012). Model fit and model selection in structural equation modeling. In Hoyle, R. H. (Ed.), Handbook...
  • Weston, R., & Gore, P. A. Jr. (2006). A brief guide to structural equation modeling. The Counseling Psychologist, 34, 719–751. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000006286345
  • Windle, G., Bennett, K. M., & Noyes, J. (2011). A methodological review of resilience measurement scales. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes,...
  • Wollny, A. I., & Jacobs, I. (2021). Validity and reliability of the German versions of the CD–RISC–10 and CD–RISC–2. Current Psychology,...
  • Yılmaz Koğar, E., & Gök, A. (2021). A meta-analysis study on gender differences in psychological resilience levels. Kıbrıs Türk Psikiyatri...
  • Yu, X.-n., Lau, J. T. F., Mak, W. W. S., Zhang, J., Lui, W. W. S., Zhang, J. (2011). Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Connor-Davidson...
  • Yu, X., & Zhang, J. (2007). Factor analysis and psychometric evaluation of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) with Chinese...