Psychological Stress Level among Football Referees in Light of Masses Absence due to the Covid-19 Pandemic

• Autores: Ibtehal M. Alkhawaldeh, Amjad Madanat
• Localización: Revista iberoamericana de psicología del ejercicio y el deporte, ISSN 1886-8576, Vol. 18, Nº. 2, 2023, págs. 146-149
• Idioma: inglés
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen

  • This study aimed to determine the level of psychological stress among football referees in light of the holding of matches without the masses due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The study recruited 300 approved referees in the official Jordan professional football league. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) was used for the study. The sample members included 138 (46%) court referees, and 162 (54%) line referees. On average, there was psychological stress among football referees masses absent due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Court referees reported that a high level of psychological stress among court referees was higher (15.36) than the line referees (14.62). Referees experienced modest degrees of psychological stress as a consequence of COVID- 19's mandatory absence from stadiums. Because the fifa has training programs, and several very experienced referees who help referees with less experience, these officials are better able to deal with difficult situations.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Aguirre-Loaiza, H., Holguín, J., Arenas, J., Núñez, C., Barbosa-Granados, S., & García-Mas, A. (2020). Psychological characteristics of...
  • Baştuğ G., Duman, S, Akçakoyun F & Karadeniz F. (2016). Football referees; stress, self-confidence, decision-making Futbolhakemlerinde;...
  • Bhadauriya B & Tripathi R, (2018). Stress management technique for athletes during sports: A critical review. Journal of Drug Delivery,...
  • Bressert, S. (2016). The Impact of Stress. Psych Central. Retrieved on March 2, 2017, from https://psychcentral.com/lib/the-impact-of-stress.
  • Gencay, S. (2009). Magnitude of psychological stress reported by soccer referees. Social Behavior, and Personality: an international journal,...
  • Johansen, B. T & Haugen, T. (2013). Anxiety level, and decision-making among Norwegian top-class soccer referees. International Journal...
  • Kiliç Ö, Aoki H, Goedhart E, Hägglund M, Kerkhoffs GM, Kuijer PP, Waldén M, & Gouttebarge V, (2018). Severe musculoskeletal time-loss...
  • Martínez-Moreno, A., Ibáñez-Pérez, R & Sánchez-Roca, C, (2020). Leadership, stress, and burnout among basketball referees. .DOI: https://doi...
  • Mirjamali E, Ramzaninezhad R, Rahmaninia F & Reihani M. (2012). A study of sources of stress in international, and national referees of...
  • Neil R, Bayston P, Hanton S & Wilson K, (2013). The influence of stress, and emotions on association football referees’ decision-making....
  • Nübling, M., Stößel, U., Hasselhorn, H. M., Michaelis, M., & Hofmann, F. (2005). Methoden zur Erfassung psychischer Belastungen.  Erprobung...
  • Polat E, Sonmezoglu U & Yalcin HB, (2017). Psychological Violence, and Pressure Activities Experienced by Football Referees. Sport Journal,...
  • Romero, C. S., Delgado, C., Catalá, J., Ferrer, C., Errando, C., Iftimi, A., & Otero, M. (2022). COVID-19 psychological impact in 3109...
  • Said, R. M., & El-Shafei, D. A. (2021). Occupational stress, job satisfaction, and intent to leave: nurses working on front lines during...
  • Sapolsky, RM (1998). Why zebras do not get ulcers: An updated guide to stress, stress-related diseases, and coping. W.H. Freeman, and Company:...
  • Schröpfer, K., Schmidt, N., Kus, S., Koob, C., & Coenen, M. (2021). Psychological stress among students in health-related fields during...
  • Sors F, Grassi M, Agostini T & Murgia M (2020). The sound of silence in association football: Home advantage, and referee bias decrease...
  • Suinn R, (2005). Behavioral intervention for stress management in sports. International Journal of Stress Management, 12(4):343. DOI:https://...
  • Tabur, A., Choudhury, A., Emhan, A., Mengenci, C., & Asan, O. (2022, January). Clinicians’ Social Support, Job Stress, and Intent to Leave...