Asignación de tareas terapéuticas y revisión de su cumplimiento desde una perspectiva conductual: las secuencias verbales entre terapeuta y cliente

• Autores: Carlos Marchena Giráldez, María Xesús Froxán Parga, Ana Calero Elvira
• Localización: Psicología conductual = behavioral psychology: Revista internacional de psicología clínica y de la salud, ISSN 1132-9483, Vol. 31, Nº. 1, 2023, págs. 111-127
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.51668/bp.8323107s
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen
  • español

    Las tareas terapéuticas (tareas para casa) constituyen una estrategia propia de la psicología conductual para conseguir el cambio clínico. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar cómo los terapeutas conductuales asignan las tareas terapéuticas y cómo revisan el cumplimiento. Se analizó la interacción verbal entre el terapeuta y el cliente en 211 sesiones grabadas (19 casos completos de éxito) mediante metodología observacional, a través del uso de un sistema de categorización (SIS-INTER-INSTR). Los valores de fiabilidad inter e intrajueces fueron entre buenos y excelentes. Los resultados muestran que los psicólogos conductuales emiten verbalizaciones motivadoras cuando asignan tareas terapéuticas. En la revisión del cumplimiento, frecuentemente refuerzan el cumplimiento de las tareas, pero dejan de evaluar el cumplimiento cuando el cliente informa que las ha realizado de forma parcial. Las secuencias verbales obtenidas proporcionan información sobre cómo los terapeutas conductuales dan instrucciones sobre las tareas terapéuticas y como revisan su cumplimiento. Esta información es un primer paso en el estudio de cómo esas secuencias pueden predecir o contribuir al establecimiento de una óptima colaboración terapéutica y a la eficacia del tratamiento.

  • English

    Therapeutic (homework) tasks are a characteristic strategy in behavioral psychology to achieve clinical change. The aim of the present study is to determine how behavioural therapists assign therapeutic tasks and review their compliance.

    Observational methodology was used to analyse the verbal interaction of therapists and clients in 211 recorded sessions (19 complete successful cases) using a validated coding system (SIST-INTER-INSTR). The values for inter- and intra-judge reliability were from good to excellent. The study shows that behavioural psychologists offer motivating verbalisations when assigning therapeutic tasks. During the review of task compliance, therapists frequently provide positive reinforcement when clients report complete compliance with the assigned task but stop the review of tasks when clients report non-compliance or only partial compliance with the task. These sequences provide information about how behavioural therapists provide instructions for therapeutic tasks and review their compliance. This is a first step to study how these verbal sequences favour the establishment of TC and the effectiveness of treatment.

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