Discounting and executive functions as indicators of methamphetamine use in adolescents and adults

• Mejía Cruz, Diana ^[1] ; Hernández, Laura ^[1] ; Ávila-Chauvet, Laurent ^[1]
  1. [1] Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora

     Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora

     México

     
• Localización: Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento ( RACC ), ISSN-e 1852-4206, Vol. 14, Nº. 3, 2022, págs. 139-147
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.32348/1852.4206.v14.n3.32190
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Descuento y funciones ejecutivas como indicadores del uso de metanfetamina en adolescente y adultos
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    Los usuarios de metanfetamina han mostrado bajo rendimiento en funciones ejecutivas. Este bajo rendimiento genera problemas de control de conducta y aumento de impulsividad, como preferir una recompensa pequeña inmediata versus una grande demorada. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar desempeño en tres tareas ejecutivas (Flexibilidad, actualización e inhibición) y cuatro tareas de descuento (demoray probabilidad) de ganancias y pérdidas en usuarios de metanfetamina y controles. Trabajamos con 40 varones adultos (20 usuarios de metanfetamina y 20 no usuarios) y 32 varones adolescentes (20 usuarios y 12 no usuarios). Con el algoritmo CART, encontramos que las tareas de inhibición, actualización y descuento de probabilidad eran buenos predictores para identificar consumidores. Nuestra conclusión general es que la inhibición y actualización están relacionadas con problemas cognitivos por consumo en un cerebro en desarrollo, y las tareas de descuento no reflejan un rasgo general de impulsividad

  • English

    Meth-users have shown low performance in some executive functions tasks. This low performance can entail problems of control behavior, and increased impulsivity such as preference the small reward over the large delayed one. The current study was aimed to evaluate the performance in three executive tasks (shifting, updating and inhibition), and four discounting tasks (delay and probability) of gains and losses by meth-users and non-users. We worked with 40 male adults (20 meth-users and 20 non-users), and 32 male adolescents (20 meth-users and 12 non-users). We found with CART algorithm that inhibition, updating and probability discounting tasks were the good predictors to identify non users and meth-users. Our general conclusion is the executive functions: Inhibition and Updating are related with cognitive issues due to drug use in a developing brain, and the discounting tasks do not reflect a general impulsivity trait.

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