Social Stigma: A Systematic Review of Cognitive Insights from Behavioral Economics (1940–2019)

• Vecchio Camargo, Carolina Mercedes ^[1] ; Rodríguez Acosta, Sandra Milena ^[1] ; Aristizabal Diaz-Granados, Edith Teresa ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad del Norte

     Universidad del Norte

     Colombia

     
• Localización: International Journal of Psychological Research, ISSN 2011-2084, ISSN-e 2011-2084, Vol. 15, Nº. 1, 2022 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Vol. 15 No. 1 (2022)), págs. 98-125
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.21500/20112084.5434
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Social Stigma: A Systematic Review of Cognitive Insights from Behavioral Economics (1940–2019)
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    Existen grupos minoritarios y estigmatizados que enfrentan retos particulares para lograr su completa participación en sociedad. El objetivo de este estudio fue conducir una revisión sistemática para determinar los cimientos teóricos y metodológicos en economía del comportamiento que explican cómo surge la estigmatización dentro de los procesos de relacionamiento y estructuras sociales de los individuos. Los datos abarcan el período de 1940-2019 y, se obtuvieron de 12 bases de datos electrónicas relevantes tales como Scopus y Web of Science. Siguiendo la guía de PRISMA para revisiones sistemáticas, 26 estudios de 2459 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. La mayoría de los estudios aplicó economía experimental y fueron publicados entre 2002 y 2018. En general, los artículos enfocan su investigación en experiencias de discriminación basadas en estereotipos y prueban sus hipótesis a través de juegos económicos. La síntesis de los datos parece revelar una débil claridad conceptual, razonamiento circular y un atisbo del problema de regresión infinita. Lo anterior, abre nuevas y emocionantes vías de investigación futura para explorar a través de una variedad de aplicaciones experimentales.

  • English

    There are minority and stigmatized groups who face particular challenges to their full participation in society. This study’s objective was to conduct a systematic review to determine theoretical and methodological underpinnings in behavioral economics that explain how stigmatization emerges within the relationship processes and social structures of individuals. Data from 1940 to 2019 were sourced from 12 relevant electronic databases such as Scopus and Web of Science. Following PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, 26 studies out of 3459 met the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies applied experimental economics and were published between 2002 and 2018. Overall, the articles focus their research on the experiences of discrimination based on stereotypes and test their hypotheses through economic games. The data synthesis seems to reveal weak conceptual clarity, circular reasoning, and a hint of the problem of infinite regress. Thus, these issues open new and exciting avenues for future research to explore via an array of experimental applications.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • References marked with an asterisk indicate studies included in the systematic review.
  • *Ahmed, A. M. (2007). Group identity, social distance, and intergroup bias. Journal of Economic Psychology, 28 (3), 324–337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2007.01.007
  • Akerlof, G. A., & Kranton, R. E. (2000). Economics and identity. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115, 715–753.
  • *Andreoni, J., & Petrie, R. (2008). Beauty, gender and stereotypes: Evidence from laboratory experiments. Journal of Economic Psychology,...
  • Armstrong, J. S., & Shapiro, A. C. (1974). Analyzing quantitative models: Help for the user of quantitative models —A simple framework...
  • Arrow, K. J. (1973). The theory of discrimination. In O. Aschenfelter & A. Rees (Eds.), Discrimination in Labor Markets (pp. 3–33). Princeton...
  • Becker, G. S. (1957). The economics of discrimination. University of Chicago Press.
  • Becker, H. (1966). Outsiders: Studies in the sociology of deviance. The Free Press & Collier Macmillan Limited.
  • *Ben-Ner, A., McCall, B. P., Stephane, M., & Wang, H. (2009). Identity and in-group/outgroup differentiation in work and giving behaviors:...
  • *Bjorvatn, K., & Tungodden, B. (2015). Disabled by stereotype? Experimental evidence from Uganda. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization,...
  • *Bohnet, I., van Geen, A., & Bazerman, M. (2016). When performance trumps gender bias: Joint vs. separate evaluation. Management Science,...
  • Camerer, C. F. (2003). Behavioral Game Theory: Experiments in Strategic Interaction. Princeton University Press.
  • Camerer, C. F., & G., L. (2004). Behavioral economics: Past, present and future. In C.F. Camerer, G. Loewenstein & M. Rabin (Eds.),...
  • Cameron, R. (2018). Infinite regress arguments. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Center for the Study of Language...
  • *Candelo, N., Croson, R. T. A., & Li, S. X. (2017). Identity and social exclusion: An experiment with Hispanic immigrants in the US. Experimental...
  • *Carlin, R. E., & Love, G. J. (2013). The Politics of interpersonal trust and reciprocity: An experimental approach. Political Behavior,...
  • Cartwright, E. (2018). Behavioral economics. Routledge.
  • Chapman, K., & Pike, L. (2013). Literature of behavioral economics, part 1: Introduction and books. Behavioral & Social Sciences Librarian,...
  • *Chen, Y., Li, S. X., Liu, T. X., & Shih, M. (2014). Which hat to wear? Impact of natural identities on coordination and cooperation....
  • Cooper, H., Hedges, L., & Valentine, J. (Eds.). (2009). The handbook of research synthesis and metaanalysis (2nd ed.) Russell Sage Foundation.
  • Copi, I., Cohen, C., & McMahon, K. (2014). Introduction to logic (14th ed.). Pearson Education Limited. Curtin, R. (2017). George Katona:...
  • Daniel Kahneman-Facts. (n.d.). NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach AB 2022. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2002/kahneman/facts/
  • Davis, J., Mengersen, K., Bennett, S., & Mazerolle, L. (2014). Viewing systematic reviews and metaanalysis in social research through...
  • De Donato, X. (2011). Regreso al infinito. In L. Vega & P. Olmos, Compendio de Lógica, Argumentación y Retórica (pp. 520–521). Editorial...
  • De Swart, H. (2018). Philosophical and mathematical logic. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03255-5
  • Dhami, S. (2016). The foundations of behavioral economic analysis. Oxford University Press. Durkheim, E. (1895–1982). The rules of sociological...
  • Finfgeld-Connet, D. (2018). A guide to qualitative metasynthesis.
  • Forsythe, R., Horowitz, J. L., Savin, N. E., & Sefton, M. (1994). Fairness in simple bargaining games. Games and Economic Behavior, 6...
  • Frost, D. M. (2011). Social stigma and its consequences for the socially stigmatized. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 5 (11), 824–839....
  • *Furuya, K. (2002). A socio-economic model of stigma and related social problems. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 48 (3),...
  • Gilovich, T., Keltner, D., Chen, S., & Nisbett, R. E. (2016). Social psychology (4th ed.) W.W. Norton & Co.
  • Goffman, E. (1963). Stigma: Notes on the management of spoiled identity. Prentice-Hall.
  • Gratton, C. (2010). Infinite regress arguments. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3341-3
  • *Grimm, V., Utikal, V., & Valmasoni, L. (2017). In-group favoritism and discrimination among multiple outgroups. Journal of Economic Behavior...
  • *Grosskopf, B., & Pearce, G. (2017). Discrimination in a deprived neighbourhood: An artefactual field experiment. Journal of Economic...
  • *Güth, W., Ploner, M., & Regner, T. (2009). Determinants of in-group bias: Is group affiliation mediated by guilt-aversion? Journal of...
  • Psychology, 30 (5), 814–827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2009.07.001
  • *Halevy, N., Weisel, O., & Bornstein, G. (2012). ‘‘ingroup love” and “outgroup hate” in repeated interaction between groups. Journal of...
  • Hamilton, W. (1964). The genetical evolution of social behavior. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 7 (1). https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5193(64)90038-4
  • *Heinrich, T. (2013). Endogenous negative stereotypes: A similarity-based approach. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 92, 45–54....
  • Hewstone, M., Rubin, M., & Willis, H. (2002). Intergroup bias. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 575–604. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135109
  • Higgins, J. P. T., Altman, D. G., & Sterne, J. A. C. (Eds.). (2011). Assessing risk of bias in included studies. In J.P.T. Higgins &...
  • Hughes, W., & Lavery, J. (2008). Critical thinking: An introduction to the basic skills (5th ed.) Broadview Press.
  • *Jenkins, A. C., Karashchuk, P., Zhu, L., & Hsu, M. (2018). Predicting human behavior toward members of different social groups. Proceedings...
  • Jesson, J., Matheson, L., & Lacey, F. M. (2011). Doing your literature review: Traditional and systematic techniques. SAGE Publications.
  • Kahneman, D. (2003). Maps of bounded rationality: Psychology for behavioral economics. The American Economic Review, 93 (5), 1449–1475. https://doi.org/10.1257/000282803322655392
  • Kassin, S., Fein, S., & Markus, H. (2014). Social psychology (9th ed.). Cengage Learning.
  • Koschorke, M., Padmavati, R., Kumar, S., Cohen, A., Weiss, H. A., Chatterjee, S., Pereira, J., Naik, S., John, S., Dabholkar, H., Balaji,...
  • Liberati, A., Altman, D. G., Tetzlaff, J. Mulrow, C., Gøtzsche, P. C., P. A. loannidis, J., Clarke, M., Devereaux, P. J., Kleijnen, J., &...
  • Link, B., & Phelan, J. (2001). Conceptualizing stigma. Annual Review of Sociology, 27. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.363
  • Loewenstein, G. F. (1999). Experimental economics from the vantage-point of behavioural economics. Economic Journal, 109 (453), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00400
  • Mackie, D. M., & Smith, E. R. (1998). Intergroup relations: Insights from a theoretically integrative approach. Psychological Review,...
  • Mason, T., Carlisle, C., Watkins, C., & Whitehead, E. (Eds.). (2001). Stigma and social exclusion in health-care. Routledge – Taylor;...
  • McFadden, D. (2009). The human side of mechanism design: A tribute to Leo Hurwicz and Jean-Jacques Laffont. Review of Economic Design, 13...
  • McGowan, J., Sampson, M., Salzwedel, D. M., Cogo, E., Foerster, V., & C., L. (2016). PRESS – Peer review of electronic search strategies:...
  • *Meleady, R., & Seger, C. R. (2017). Imagined contact encourages prosocial behavior towards outgroup members. Group Processes & Intergroup...
  • Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the...
  • Moher, D., Shamseer L., Clarke, M., Ghersi, D., Liberati, A., Petticrew, M., Shekelle, P., & Stewart, L. A. [The PRISMA-P Group]. (2015)....
  • *Ouazad, A., & Page, L. (2013). Students’ perceptions of teacher biases: Experimental economics in schools. Journal of Public Economics,...
  • Petticrew, M., & Roberts, H. (2006). Systematic reviews in the social sciences. Blackwell Publishing.
  • Phelps, E. S. (1972). The statistical theory of racism and sexism. The American Economic Review, 62 (4), 659–661. https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1806107.pdf
  • *Pondorfer, A., Barsbai, T., & Schmidt, U. (2017). Gender differences in stereotypes of risk preferences: Experimental evidence from a...
  • Popay, J., Roberts, H., Sowden, A., Petticrew, M., Arai, L., Rodgers, M., Brittens, N., Roen, K., & Duffy, S. (2006). Guidance on the...
  • QSR International Pty Ltda. (2018). NVivo qualitative data analysis software (Version 12) [Computer software]. https://www.qsrinternational.com/nvivo-qualitative-data-analysis-software/home
  • Qualtrics. (n.d.). Qualtrics survey software [online software]. https://www.qualtrics.com
  • Richard H. Thaler – Facts. (n.d.). NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach AB 2022. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2017/thaler/facts/
  • Rodríguez, M., Andreouli, E., & Howarth, C. (2015). From ex-combatants to citizens: connecting everyday citizenship and social reintegration...
  • *Saccardo, S. (2015). Essays in Behavioral Economics and Ethics (Publication No. 3740931) [Doctoral dissertation, University of California]....
  • Saini, M., & Shlonsky, A. (2012). Systematic synthesis of qualitative research. Oxford University Press.
  • *Schwartzstein, J. (2014). Selective attention and learning. Journal of the European Economic Association, 12 (6), 1423–1452. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeea.12104
  • Sent, E. .-M. (2017). Herbert Simon’s behavioral economics. In R. Frantz, S. -H. Chen, K. Dopfer, F. Heukelom & S. Mousavi (Eds.), Routledge...
  • Shamseer, L., Moher, D., Clarke, M., Ghersi, D., Liberati, A., Petticrew, M., Shekelle, P., & Stewart L. A. [The PRISMA-P Group]. (2015)....
  • *Shcherbakov, A. (2016). Stigma of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Cost of a spoiled identity (Publication No. 10297491) [Doctoral dissertation,...
  • Simon, H. A. (1957). Models of man, social and rational: Mathematical essays on rational human behavior in a social setting. John Wiley; Sons.
  • Simon, H. A. (1976). From substantive to procedural rationality. In T. J. Kastelein, S. K. Kuipers, W. A. Nijenhuis, & G. R. Wagenaar...
  • Sinnott-Armstrong, W., & Fogelin, R. (2015). Understanding arguments: An introduction to informal logic (9 ed.) Cengage Learning.
  • *Stanley, D. A., Sokol-Hessner, P., Banaji, M. R., & Phelps, E. A. (2011). Implicit race attitudes predict trustworthiness judgments and...
  • Tajfel, H. (1984). Grupos humanos y categorías sociales. Editorial Herder.
  • Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. (1979). An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. In S. Worchel & W.G.
  • Austin (Eds.), The social psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 33–47). Brooks Cole Pub.
  • Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. (1986). The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. In S. Worchel & W. G. Austin (Eds.), Psychology...
  • *Tanaka, T., & Camerer, C. F. (2016). Trait perceptions influence economic outgroup bias: lab and field evidence from Vietnam. Experimental...
  • Thaler, R. H. (2016). Behavioral economics: Past, present and future. American Economic Review, 106 (7), 1577–1600. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.106.7.1577
  • The Campbell Collaboration. (2019). Campbell systematic reviews: policies and guidelines, Campbell Policies and Guidelines Series No. 1. https://doi.org/10.4073/cpg.2016.1
  • The Cochrane Developmental, Psychosocial and Learning Problems Review Group. (2014). Data collection form for intervention reviews: RCTs and...
  • The Joanna Briggs Institute. (2014). Joanna Briggs Institute reviewers’ manual: 2014 edition. The Joanna Briggs Institute. https://nursing.lsuhsc.edu/JBI/docs/ReviewersManuals/ReviewersManual.pdf
  • Torgerson, C. (2003). Systematic reviews. Continuum.
  • *Tsutsui, K., & Zizzo, D. J. (2014). Groupstatus, minorities, and trust. Experimental Economics, 17 (2), 215–244. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10683-013-9364-x
  • Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1974). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Science, 185 (4157), 1124–1131. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.185.4157.1124
  • *van Ewijk, R. (2011). Same work, lower grade? Student ethnicity and teachers’ subjective assessments. Economics of Education Review, 30 (5),...
  • Veritas Health Innovation. (n.d.). Covidence systematic review software [online software]. www.covidence.org
  • Vernon L. Smith – Facts. (n.d.). NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach AB 2022. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2002/smith/facts/
  • Wilder, D., & Simon, A. F. (2001). Affect as a cause of intergroup bias. In R. Brown & S. Gaertner (Eds.), Blackwell handbook of social...
  • *Zeitzoff, T. (2018). Anger, legacies of violence, and group conflict: An experiment in post-riot Acre, Israel. Conflict Management and Peace...