Acceso usuarios
Maricela Irepan Aguilar, Patricia Ortega Andeane
El ambiente físico juega un papel importante en el manejo del estrés; la investigación ha probado la relación entre la exposición a ambientes naturales y la recuperación del estrés fisiológico y la fatiga mental. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue desarrollar una escala confiable y válida que evalúe la percepción de restauración psicológica ante el estrés en escenarios naturales. El desarrollo de la escala se realizó en dos fases, en la primera fase, se utilizó la técnica de redes semánticas, a partir de los resultados se redactaron los reactivos que se probaron en la segunda etapa, la validación del instrumento se hizo a través del análisis factorial confirmatorio, en esta etapa participaron 273 personas, hombres y mujeres, con edad promedio de 30 años. A través del Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio se conformó la versión final de la escala que con 23 ítems que evalúan tres factores, valoración estética y afectiva, restauración y prospectiva, con valores de ajuste X2=550.51, p=0.00, CFI=0.94, RMSEA=0.07 y confiabilidad total de 0.96 considerándose que la escala es un instrumento válido y confiable, por lo que su uso puede contribuir en la evaluación y diseño de ambientes restauradores.
The physical environment plays an important role in stress management; Research has proven the relationship between exposure to natural environments and the recovery of physiological stress and mental fatigue, they capable of improving their physiological and psychological processes; this mechanism has explained under the framework of the Theory of Stress Recovery. In this sense, the TSR argues that exposure to natural environments protects people against the negative impact of environmental stressors and offers physiological, emotional and attention restoration more than urban environments. The natural places that allow the renewal of personal adaptation resources to meet the demands of everyday life are named restorative environments. According to the TSR, the exposure to natural scenes mediates the negative effects of stress, which reduces negative mood and, improves positive emotions. The present work aimed to validate a Psychological Restoration Perceived Scale that measures the perception of psychological restoration in natural settings in the Mexican Population. The development of the scale were carried out in two phases: in the first phase, the semantic network technique was used to identify the latent variables or factors, after which the items that were tested in the second stage were written; in the second phase, the validation of the instrument was made through the Confirmatory Factor Analysis, 273 people, men and women, with an average age of 30 years participated in this stage. The final scale consists of 23 items that evaluate three factors: aesthetic and affective assessment, restoration and prospective. The results have shown that the adjustment values are optimal (X2=550.51, p=0.00, CFI=0.94, RMSEA=0.07), and total reliability of the scale is 0.96 considering that the scale is a valid and reliable instrument, so its use can contribute to the evaluation and design of restorative environments.
