Clase social, bienestar y afectividad general durante la pandemia de la COVID-19 en Iberoamérica

• Ginés Navarro - Carrillo ^[1] ; Lander Méndez ^[2] ; Huseyin Cakal ^[3] ; Darío Páez ^[2] ; José J. Pizarro ^[2] ; Larraitz Zumeta ^[2] ; Marcela Gracia - Leiva ^[2] ; Silvia da Costa ^[2] ; Nekane Basabe ^[2] ; Saioa Telletxea ^[2] ; Gisela Delfino ^[4] ; Elza Techio ^[5] ; Anderson Mathias ^[2] ; Carolina Alzugaray - Ponce ^[6] ; Loreto Villagrán ^[7] ; Gonzalo Martínez - Zelaya ^[8] ; Marian Bilbao ^[9] ; Anna Wlodarczyk ^[10] ; Wilson López - López ^[11] ; Laura Alfaro - Beracoechea ^[12] ; Manuel. L. Ibarra ^[13] ; Catarina Carvalho ^[14] ; Isabel. R. Pinto ^[14] ; Emilio Moyano - Díaz ^[15] ; Agustín Espinosa ^[16] ; Rosa. M. Cueto ^[16]
  1. [1] Universidad de Jaén

     Universidad de Jaén

     Jaén, España

     
  2. [2] Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea

     Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea

     Leioa, España

     
  3. [3] Keele University

     Keele University

     Newcastle-under-Lyme District, Reino Unido

     
  4. [4] Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina

     Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina

     Argentina

     
  5. [5] Universidade Federal da Bahia

     Universidade Federal da Bahia

     Brasil

     
  6. [6] Universidad Santo Tomás

     Universidad Santo Tomás

     Santiago, Chile

     
  7. [7] Universidad de Concepción

     Universidad de Concepción

     Comuna de Concepción, Chile

     
  8. [8] Universidad Viña del Mar

     Universidad Viña del Mar

     Viña del Mar, Chile

     
  9. [9] Universidad Alberto Hurtado

     Universidad Alberto Hurtado

     Santiago, Chile

     
  10. [10] Universidad Católica del Norte

      Universidad Católica del Norte

      Antofagasta, Chile

      
  11. [11] Pontífica Universidad Javeriana

      Pontífica Universidad Javeriana

      Colombia

      
  12. [12] Universidad de Guadalajara

      Universidad de Guadalajara

      México

      
  13. [13] Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México

      Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México

      México

      
  14. [14] Universidade Do Porto

      Universidade Do Porto

      Santo Ildefonso, Portugal

      
  15. [15] Universidad de Talca

      Universidad de Talca

      Provincia de Talca, Chile

      
  16. [16] Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú

      Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú

      Perú

      

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• Localización: Escritos de psicología, ISSN-e 1989-3809, ISSN 1138-2635, Vol. 14, Nº 2, 2021 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la salud mental), págs. 84-95
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.24310/espsiescpsi.v14i2.13608
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Social class, well - being, and general affectivity during the COVID - 19 pandemic in Ibero - America
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    La actual pandemia de la COVID-19 ha supuesto un marcado incremento de las brechas sociales preexistentes. En esta investigación analizamos las relaciones de diferentes facetas de clase social con el bienestar y afectividad general a lo largo de un total de 8 países de la región cultural iberoamericana. Asimismo, también pusimos a prueba el potencial rol mediador del riesgo percibido relativo a la COVID-19 y de la eficacia colectiva percibida. Los resultados obtenidos (a) revelaron que una clase social más baja se relacionó con un menor bienestar y afecto positivo, así como con un mayor afecto negativo; (b) confirmaron que la clase social subjetiva constituye un mejor predictor del bienestar y afectividad general que el nivel educativo (i.e., indicador de clase social objetiva); y (c) mostraron que los efectos de la clase social subjetiva en el bienestar/afectividad general se daban de forma indirecta a través del riesgo percibido y la eficacia colectiva. Estos hallazgos confirman la existencia de diferencias en bienestar y afectividad general en función de la clase social durante la pandemia, al tiempo que permiten avanzar en la comprensión de los mecanismos psicosociales subyacentes.

  • English

    The current COVID-19 pandemic has sharply increased preexisting social divides. In this research, we analyzed the relationships of different facets of social class with well-being and affectivity across 8 Ibero-American countries. Moreover, we also tested the potential mediating role of perceived risk of COVID-19 and perceived collective efficacy. The results obtained (a) revealed that a lower social class was related to reduced well-being and positive affect as well as to greater negative affect, (b) confirmed that subjective social class was a better predictor of well-being and affectivity than educational level (i.e., an objective indicator of social class), and (c) showed that subjective social class was indirectly linked to well-being/affectivity via its effects on the perceived risk of COVID-19 and perceived collective efficacy. These findings support the existence of differences in well-being and affectivity as a function of social class during the pandemic, while advancing our understanding of underlying psychosocial mechanisms.

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