The Social and Mystic Brain in the Substance Dependent Patient

• Franco, Gabriela ^[2] ; Migliaro, Martín ^[1] ; Molina, Lorena ^[1] ; Méndez-Díaz, Mónica ^[1] ; Ruiz-Contreras, Alejandra E. ^[1] ; Cortés-Morelos, Jacqueline ^[3] ; Herrera-Solís, Andrea ; Prospéro-García, Oscar E. ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

     Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

     México

     
  2. [2] Hospital Psiquiátrico Fray Bernardino Álvarez, gabbyfm14@gmail.com; Martín Migliaro, Laboratorio de Canabinoides. Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina
  3. [3] Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma

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• Localización: PSICUMEX, ISSN-e 2007-5936, Nº. 11, 2021 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Psicumex Journal), págs. 1-31
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.36793/psicumex.v11i1.393
• Títulos paralelos:
  • El cerebro social y místico en el paciente dependiente de sustancias
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    El humano tiene un sistema cerebral que se activa cuando interacciona con otras personas que es el cerebro social, y otro cuando siente tener una experiencia mística que es el cerebro místico. Postulamos que ambos sistemas contribuyen a facilitar la integración del individuo a sus grupos de apoyo, y dicha integración le permite evitar o controlar trastornos psiquiátricos, como el trastorno de uso de sustancias (TUS). La falla en esta integración, como ocurre debido a una crianza negligente o abusiva, y/o viviendo dentro una red de apoyo social deficiente, vulnera al sujeto a padecer el TUS. En cuanto a la pertenencia a grupos religiosos, la observancia de su liturgia contribuye al bienestar físico y mental de los creyentes, resultando importante para prevenir el TUS y en muchos casos para rehabilitar al paciente que lo solicita. El objetivo de esta revisión es discutir las evidencias del involucro del cerebro social y del cerebro místico en la integración de una persona a sus grupos de apoyo, así como la falla de estos sistemas en conseguir dicho objetivo, como factores de riesgo para desarrollar o mantener trastornos psiquiátricos y el TUS.

  • English

    Human beings activate a neural system when involved in social interaction known as the social brain, and similarly, mystic experiences stimulate the mystic brain. We postulate that both systems help humans to integrate into their support group, that integration allows them to avoid or control psychiatric disorders, and to reduce the risk of developing a substance use disorder (SUD). When this integration fails, as consequence of child abuse, negligence, and/or a poor social support network, subjects are more vulnerable to suffer a SUD. On the other hand, the belongingness to religious groups helps to maintain physical and mental well-being of believers, hence, preventing the development of SUD or rehabilitating the subject after suffering from it. Therefore, the aim of this review is to discuss the role of the social and mystic brain in individual integration to a social support group and how the failure of these systems represents a risk factor for developing or maintaining psychiatric disorders and SUD.

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