Desarrollo y validación de la escala de expectativas de rechazo social (ERS)

• Autores: Valeria Estefanía Moran, Fabián Orlando Olaz
• Localización: Revista interamericana de psicología = Interamerican journal of psychology, ISSN 0034-9690, Vol. 54, Nº. 2, 2020
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.30849/ripijp.v54i2.871
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Development and validation of the Social Rejection Expectations Scale (SRE)
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    El desempeño social de los individuos se ve influido por las expectativas que las personas tienen sobre el resultado de su conducta, ya que estas permiten anticipar el futuro y planificar cursos de acción. Las expectativas de rechazo social han sido definidas como pensamientos que anticipan la posibilidad de ser rechazado en una situación interpersonal y cuando son muy frecuentes pueden traer aparejado un sinnúmero de dificultades en la vida social de las personas. El objetivo de este estudio fue construir la Escala de Expectativas de Rechazo Social (ERS) para población adulta. En primer lugar, se confeccionaron 51 ítems preliminares que fueron sometidos a juicio de expertos (N = 6) para obtener evidencia de validez de contenido. En segundo lugar, utilizando muestreo accidental, se llevó a cabo un análisis factorial exploratorio (N = 320) y confirmatorio (N= 458). Como resultado se obtuvo una escala final compuesta por 27 ítems distribuidos en tres factores interpretados como Expectativas de rechazo ante situaciones con vínculos establecidos, Expectativas de rechazo en situaciones de establecimiento de nuevos vínculos y Expectativas de rechazo en lugares públicos y ante desconocidos. Se evaluó la consistencia interna de la escala, obteniendo coeficientes muy buenos y excelentes para cada factor (de .71 a .88). Finalmente, se obtuvieron correlaciones positivas significativas entre las escalas del test y diferentes medidas de ansiedad social. Se puede concluir que la ERS es un instrumento válido y confiable para la evaluación de las expectativas de rechazo social en población adulta, resultando una herramienta de utilidad en investigación y diagnóstico.

  • English

    The social performance of individuals is influenced by the expectations that people have about the outcome of their behavior, since these allow us to anticipate the future and plan courses of action. The expectations of social rejection have been defined as thoughts that anticipate the possibility of being rejected in an interpersonal situation. When they are frequent can bring a number of difficulties in the social life of people.

    The aim of this study was to build the Social Rejection Expectations Scale (SRE) for the adult population.

    First, 51 preliminary items were submitted to expert judgment (N = 6) to obtain evidence of content validity.

    Second, using an accidental sampling, an exploratory (N = 320) and confirmatory factor analysis (N = 458) was performed. As a result, a final scale was obtained, consisting of 27 items distributed in three factors named as Expectations of rejection in situations with known people, Expectations of rejection in situations of establishment of new relationships and Expectations of rejection in public places and with unknown people. The internal consistency of the scale was evaluated, obtaining very good and excellent coefficients for each factor (from .71 to .88). Finally, significant positive correlations were obtained between the scales of the test and different measures of social anxiety. It can be concluded that the SRE is a valid and reliable instrument for the evaluation of expectations of social rejection in the adult population, being a useful tool in research and diagnosis.

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