Acceso usuarios
Ángel Joel Méndez López, Isaac Iran Cabrera Ruiz
Psychosocial interventional approaches in reducing intergroup biases can be divided into two areas: intragroup and intergroup. The former includes work with counterstereotypespecimens (Plant et al., 2009), strategies based on cognitive dissonance (Festinger, 1957, cited in Rodríguez, 2019) and the promotion of empathy (Galinsky & Moskowitz, 2000; Stephan & Finlay, 1999). Intergroup strategies are those based on the contact hypothesis (Allport, 1954, cited in Rodríguez, 2019) and those based on the theory of social categorization or sociocognitive strategies (Tajfel & Turner, 1979). The research was ascribed to the interventional research model proposed by Rothman and Thomas (1994), consisting of three areas: knowledge development, use of knowledge, and design and implementation of interventions. The process focused specifically on the third of these areas.A type of constructive-interpretive qualitative research was followed, in which a systematization of experiences was carried out. The methodological proposal offered by Jara (1994) is followed from which the systematization is structured in five times: the starting point (having been a participant and having records of the experience), the initial questions (objective, object, systematization axis, sources,procedures), the recovery of the lived process (reconstructing history, ordering and classifying information), deep reflection (analysis, synthesis, critical interpretation) and points of arrival (formulating conclusions and communicating learning). The validation criteria of the systematized material proposed by De Armas (2014) were considered: social relevance, feasibility, applicability,and scientific rigor.Psychosocial intervention in highly diverse spaces was structured through three projects that use the community coalition, the learning group and awareness as psychosocial intervention strategies.
Las relaciones interculturales, en el marco de la interacción grupal, se definen como formas específicas de relación social entre individuos, que interactúan en calidad de miembros de grupos culturalmente diversos, a partir de la reproducción y producción sociopsicológica de pertenencias y exclusiones grupales, mediadas por factores históricos, económicos y socioculturales (Cabrera-Ruiz, Rodríguez-González, & Rodríguez-Fleites, 2016). La formación de pertenencias y exclusiones grupales, tiene lugar mediante procesos sociopsicológicos de apropiación de clasificaciones culturalmente disponibles, que proveen a los sujetos de auto-referencias, las cuales les permiten reconocerse como miembros de categorías sociales (nacionalidad, etnia, religión, género).
