¿Influyen las respuestas psicológicas y la experiencia en el rendimiento físico del árbitro de fútbol?

• Muñoz-Arjona, Cristóbal ^[1] ; Fernandes, Bruno Ricardo ^[2] ; Dos Santos, Tito Daniel ^[2] ; Castillo-Rodríguez, Alfonso ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Granada

     Universidad de Granada

     Granada, España

     
  2. [2] Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra

     Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra

     Coimbra (Sé Nova), Portugal

     
• Localización: Aloma: revista de psicologia, ciències de l'educació i de l'esport, ISSN 1138-3194, Vol. 39, Nº 1, 2021 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Aloma), págs. 65-72
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.51698/aloma.2021.39.1.65-72
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Do psychological responses and experience influence the physical performance of soccer referees?
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• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen
  • español

    El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación entre variables psicológicas precompetición y respuestas  físico-fisiológicas  durante  la  competición  de  árbitros  de  fútbol  semiprofesionales.  Participaron  153  árbitros  (edad M= 23.2; SD = 4.8 años; experiencia M = 6.0; SD = 4.5 años). Se utilizaron los cuestionarios CSAI-2 y Rosenberg antes del partido y se recogieron datos del rendimiento del partido con dispositivos GPS. Los resultados mostraron que los árbitros experimentados presentaron menores puntuaciones en respuestas psicológicas negativas y mayores, en positivas (p < .01). Este grupo desarrolló mayores valores en distancia recorrida y frecuencia cardíaca superior al 95% de su frecuencia cardíaca máxima (p < .05; d > .70). Como conclusión, los árbitros experimentados tienen mayor control emocional, que propicia mejores resultados físico-fisiológicos y permite posicionarse más cerca de las jugadas conflictivas, lo que facilita tomar decisiones acertadas. Se recomienda aplicar programas de intervención para ayudar a árbitros más noveles a afrontar la competición e introducir herramientas tecnológicas en categorías nacionales no profesionales, como el videoarbitraje para subsanar errores manifiestos. Todo ello ayudará a los árbitros en su capacidad psico-físico-fisiológica y aumentará su índice de acierto.

  • English

    The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between pre-competition psychological variables and in-match physical-physiological responses of semi-professional soccer referees. One-hundred fifty-three referees (age M = 23.2; SD= 4.8 years; experience M = 6.0; SD = 4.5 years) completed the CSAI-2 and the Rosenberg test prior to matches. Physical performance data was collected with GPS devices. The results showed that experienced referees presented lower scores for the negative psychological responses and higher scores for the positive ones (p < .01). During matches, this more experienced group displayed higher values for distance traveled and time with heart rate greater than 95 % of their maximum heart rate (p < .05; d > .70). In conclusion, experienced referees have greater emotional control and better physical-physiological results, which allows them to position themselves better on the field of play to make correct decisions. The article recommends intervention programs to help the newer referees to face matches and the introduction of referee-video in non-professional national categories, to correct clear errors. These changes would help referees to improve in their psycho-physical-physiological capacities and thus increase their level of success.   

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