Development of a program based on goal management training for adolescents with executive dysfunctions complaints

• Liana Garcia Nunes ^[1] ; Alessandra Gotuzo Seabra ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie

     Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie

     Brasil

     
• Localización: The Spanish Journal of Psychology, ISSN 1138-7416, Nº 24, 2021
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.1017/SJP.2021.17
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen

  • This study aimed to develop a program based on Goal Management Training (GMT) and to investigate its effectiveness on executive functions, through formal instruments and an ecological task. Participants were 25 adolescents with complaints of executive dysfunctions. They underwent neuropsychological assessment of working memory, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, planning, and intellectual ability. Participants also took part in a cooking activity and were evaluated for errors per action, of omission, activity performance time, recipe consultation. After, they were randomly allocated to an active control group (CG), which underwent psychoeducation sessions, and an experimental group (EG), stimulated through GMT in eight sessions. Then participants underwent another assessment and follow-up after 4 weeks.

    In post-intervention analyses, results showed an improvement in executive functions in EG, in the working memory measurement and time of the ecological activity (g = 1.78 and .93, respectively), IQ (g = 1.01), reasoning (g = .89), flexibility (g = 1.21), and inhibition (g = 3.11). In follow-up evaluation, large-size effects were observed on flexibility (g = 2.95), inhibition (g = 5.78) and execution time of the ecological activity (g = .98). Significant interactions between assessment Time x Group revealed EG gains in IQ, scores in reasoning and flexibility. EG also had longer execution time in flexibility and inhibition tests. That is, EG had greater scores and probably was less impulsive in these tests. Furthermore, EG decreased the number of verifications and the time in the ecological task, that is, had a more efficient performance.

    Results suggest the intervention can be as instrument to promote executive function.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Au, J., Buschkuehl, M., Duncan, G. J., & Jaeggi, S. M. (2016). There is no convincing evidence that working memory training is not effective:...
  • Carstens, J. (2016). Goal management training in undergraduate students: The effects on executive functioning skills and academic self-efficacy...
  • Clements, D. H., & Sarama, J. (2019). Executive function and earlymathematical learning difficulties. InA. Fritz, V.Haase, & P. Räsänen...
  • Cuberos-Urbano, G., Caracuel, A., Valls-Serrano, C., GarcíaMochón, L., Gracey, F., & Verdejo-García, A. (2018). A pilot investigation...
  • Defoe, I. N., Dubas, J. S., Figner, B., & van Aken, M. A. G. (2015). A meta-analysis on age differences in risky decisionmaking: Adolescents...
  • Diamond, A. (2013). Executive functions. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, 135–168. http://doi.org/10.1146/annurevpsych-113011-143750
  • Duncan, J. (1986). Disorganisation of behaviour after frontal lobe damage. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 3(3), 271–290. https://doi.org/10.1080/02643298608253360
  • Friedman, N. P., & Miyake, A. (2017). Unity and diversity of executive functions: Individual differences as a window on cognitive structure....
  • Grant, M., Ponsford, J., & Bennett, P. C. (2012). The application of Goal Management Training to aspects of financial management in individuals...
  • Harwood, A., Lavidor, M., & Rassovsky, Y. (2017). Reducing aggression with martial arts: A meta-analysis of child and youth studies. Aggression...
  • Homer, B. D., Plass, J. L., Raffaele, C., Ober, T. M., & Ali, A. (2018). Improving high school students’ executive functions through digital...
  • Krasny-Pacini, A., Limond, J., Evans, J., Hiebel, J., Bendjelida, K., & Chevignard, M. (2014). Context-sensitive goal management training...
  • Kiani, B., Hadianfard, H., &Mitchell, J. T. (2017). The impact of mindfulness meditation training on executive functions and emotion dysregulation...
  • Kline, R. B. (2004). Beyond significance testing: Reforming data analysis methods in behavioral research. American Psychological Association.
  • Kulinna, P. H., Stylianou, M., Dyson, B., Banville, D., Dryden, C., & Colby, R. (2018). The effect of an authentic acute physical education...
  • Levaux, M.-N., Larøi, F., Malmedier, M., Offerlin-Meyer, I., Danion, J.-M., & van der Linden, M. (2012). Rehabilitation of executive functions...
  • Levine, B., Robertson, I. H., Clare, L., Carter, G., Hong, J., Wilson, B. A., & Stuss, D. T. (2000). Rehabilitation of executive functioning:...
  • Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., Bigler, E. D., & Tranel, D. (2012). Neuropsychological assessment (5th Ed.). Oxford University Press.
  • Meixner, J. M., Warner, G. J., Lensing, N., Schiefele, U., & Elsner, B. (2019). The relation between executive functions and reading comprehension...
  • Menezes, A., Dias, N. M., & Seabra, A. G. (2012). Evidências de validade do Teste da Torre de Londres [Evidence of validity of theTower...
  • Miyake, A., Friedman, N. P., Emerson, M. J., Witzki, A. H., Howerter, A., &Wager, T. D. (2000). The unity and diversity of executive functions...
  • Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., Taylor, A., Kokaua, J., Milne, B. J., Polanczyk, G., & Poulton, R. (2010). How common are common mental disorders?...
  • Nicoló, C. (2015). Exploring the implementation of attention and goal management training interventions with a boy diagnosedwith attentional...
  • Novakovic-Agopian, T., Kornblith, E., Abrams, G., BurciagaRosales, J., Loya, F., D’Esposito,M., &Chen, A. J.W. (2018). Training in goal-oriented...
  • Noguchi, K., Gel, Y. R., Brunner, E., & Konietschke, F. (2012). nparLD: An R Software Package for the nonparametric analysis of longitudinal...
  • Primi, R. (2002). Inteligência fluida: Definição fatorial, cognitiva e neuropsicológica [Fluid intelligence: Factorial, cognitive and neuropsychological...
  • Pope, C. N., Ross, L. A., & Stavrinos, D. (2016). Association between executive function and problematic adolescent driving. Journal of...
  • Rivera, C. J., Wood, C. L., James, M., & Williams, S. (2019). Improving study outcomes for college students with executive functioning...
  • Robertson, I. H. (1996). Goal management training: A clinical manual. PsyConsult.
  • Sedó, M., de Paula, J. J., & Malloy-Diniz, L. F. (2015). FDT– Teste dos Cinco Dígitos [Five Digit Test]. Hogrefe.
  • Strauss, E., Sherman, E. M. S., & Spreen, O. (2006). A compendium of neuropsychological tests: Administration, norms, and commentary....
  • Stubberud, J., Langenbahn, D., Levine, B., Stanghelle, J., & Schanke, A-K. (2014). Goal management training improves everyday executive...
  • Trentini, C. M., Yates, D. B., & Heck, V. S. (2014). Escala de Inteligência Wechsler Abreviada (WASI): Manual profissional [Wechsler Abbreviated...
  • Trevisan, B. T. (2014). Adaptação e desenvolvimento de instrumentos para avaliação de crianças e adolescentes com TDAH, análise de perfil...
  • instruments for the assessment of children and adolescents with ADHD, analysis of neuropsychological profile and relationship with school...
  • Trevisan, B. T., Berberian, A.A., Dias, N.M., Alves, R. J. R., & Seabra, A. G. (in press). Development and psychometric properties of...
  • Tornås, S., Løvstad, M., Solbakk, A. K., Evans, J., Endestad, T., Hol, P. K., Schanke, A.-K., & Stubberud, J. (2016). Rehabilitation of...
  • Zelazo, P. D., Blair, C. B., & Willoughby, M. T. (2017). Executive function: Implications for education (NCER 2017– 2000). National Center...
  • Zelazo, P. D., & Carlson, S. M. (2012). Hot and cool executive function in childhood and adolescence: Development and plasticity. Child...
  • Zelazo, P. D., Müller, U., Frye, D., & Marcovitch, S. (2003). The development of executive function in early childhood: I. The development...
  • Wechsler, D. (1999). Weschler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI). Psychological Corporation.
  • Wechsler,D. (2013).EscalaWechsler de Inteligência paraCrianças: WISC–IV.Manual técnico. Tradução do manual originalMaria de Lourdes Duprat...