Protecting ingroup’s humanity: the role of gender and regional belonging

• Autores: Ramón Rodríguez Torres, Armando Rodríguez Pérez, Naira Delgado Rodríguez, Verónica Betancor Rodríguez, Elena Delgado
• Localización: International Journal of Social Psychology, Revista de Psicología Social, ISSN-e 1579-3680, ISSN 0213-4748, Vol. 36, Nº 1, 2021, págs. 1-29
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2020.1840229
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Proteger la humanidad del grupo: el papel del género y de la pertenencia regional
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• Resumen
  • español

    Para comprobar el efecto diferencial del género y la pertenencia regional, utilizamos un método basado en el efecto de sobreexclusión de grupo, pero teniendo en cuenta tanto el género de los participantes como los estímulos utilizados. Llevamos a cabo dos experimentos en los que analizamos el papel que desempeña el género de los participantes en la categorización de caras ambiguas como humanas o animales. Según la hipótesis de sobreexclusión, los individuos protegen a su endogrupo excluyendo cualquier individuo que ponga en duda la humanidad del grupo. En nuestra investigación tomamos en cuenta el género de los participantes y su pertenencia regional, así como el género de los estímulos objeto de evaluación, que incluían caras humanas, caras de chimpancés y caras humanas ambiguas con características animales creadas mediante un procedimiento de morphing (metamorfosis). Los resultados corroboran la hipótesis de sobreexclusión, pero únicamente cuando los participantes no comparten la misma categoría de geónero que la imagen objeto de la evaluación. Cuando los participantes comparten el mismo género que el estímulo observado se anula el sesgo de sobreexclusión en el endogrupo regional. Estos datos se discuten bajo la perspectiva de diversas hipótesis teóricas desarrolladas en el marco de la psicología de las relaciones intergrupales.

  • English

    To test the differential effect of gender and regional belonging, we used a method based on the ingroup over-exclusion effect but taking into account both the gender of the participants and the stimuli. Two experiments were conducted to study the role of gender of participants in the categorization of ambiguous faces as humans or animals. According to the over-exclusion hypothesis, individuals protect their ingroup by excluding any individual who casts doubt on the humanity of the group. In our research, we took into account gender of participants and regional belonging, and the stimuli requiring assessment, including human, ape and ambiguous human/ape-like faces created through morphing procedure. Our results support the over-exclusion hypothesis, but only when participants do not share the same gender category with the target. Same-gender participants and stimuli annul the over-exclusion bias on the regional ingroup. These data are discussed in line with various theoretical hypotheses developed within the framework of the psychology of intergroup relations.

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