Neuroimagen y neurotoxicidad inducida por MDMA (éxtasis)

• Autores: George A. Ricaurte, Una D. McCann
• Localización: Adicciones: Revista de socidrogalcohol, ISSN 0214-4840, Vol. 15, Nº. Extra 2, 2003, págs. 111-120
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.20882/adicciones.456
• Enlaces
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• Resumen

  • El incremento del consumo de éxtasis (MDMA) por parte de los jóvenes ha obligado al estudio de efectos a corto y medio plazo sobre el SNC. En la última década, se demostró la existencia de neurotoxicidad serotoninérgica en el SNC. Recientemente aparecieron estudios tendentes a demostrar también daño dopaminérgico que se ha evidenciado en experimentación animal. Las diferentes técnicas de neuroimagen han contribuido a estos hallazgos, a través del estudio de flujo como del nivel de captaciones en los distintos sistemas receptoriales implicados, tanto presinápticos como postsinápticos. Los resultados que se compilan proceden de los trabajos de neurotoxicidad más relevantes realizados a través de las diferentes técnicas de neuroimagen (SPECT, PET, MRS, MRI de difusión y perfusión). Se concluye que existe suficiente demostración, en diferentes especies animales, incluidos primates, de que la MDMA produce neurotoxicidad serotoninérgica y dopaminérgica y que existen resultados clínicos que confirman estos hallazgos en humanos.

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