Acceso usuarios
Alejandra Rasse Figueroa, Tai Lin Muñoz
La política de vivienda social chilena de los años ochenta y noventa construyó masivos conjuntos de viviendas de escaso metraje y baja calidad, en lo que se constituyó como una periferia segregada, mal servida y con pobre accesibilidad. Al momento de su llegada, los habitantes de estos conjuntos experimentaron el abandono del Estado, que no comparecía en servicios públicos tan básicos como salud, educación o transporte, desencadenando importantes problemáticas sociales en estos territorios. Con el paso del tiempo, se han generado programas públicos orientados a solucionar las problemáticas habitacionales y urbanas de estos territorios, con alternativas que van desde el hermoseamiento hasta la demolición. Se ha pasado de la ausencia del Estado, a su presencia constante a través de diversas intervenciones. Este artículo busca reconstruir, a través de entrevistas en profundidad a habitantes de estos barrios, el modo en que el paso de la ausencia del Estado a la sobre-intervención ha marcado la vida cotidiana de estos territorios
Chilean social housing policy of the eighties and nineties built massive projects of low-quality houses. The territories in which those housing projects were built became a segregated periphery, poor in urban services and accessibility. Over time, multiple social programs have been created, aimed at solving those housing and urban problems. Life in these housing projects has gone from the absence of the State, to its constant presence through several interventions. Through 18 in-depth interviews with inhabitants of these neighborhoods, this article analyzes the way in which constant intervention in the popular periphery generates (i) specific ways of understanding space, and (ii) practices of relationship between its inhabitants and with the State. The results show that the original absence of the State generates both processes of community organization, and problems exceeding inhabitants’ capacities. The arrival of the State -although expected- ignores the organization and practices already in place, as well as contributes to the deterioration of territorial identity. The article concludes discussing the role of the State both in the production of deteriorated identities, and in the disarticulation of the community.
