Moduladores de la ventaja del bilingüismo en la inhibición, atención y tareas de cambio

• Sarli, Leticia ^[1] ; Justel, Nadia
  1. [1] Lab. Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia Cognitiva (LINC, CEMSC3, ECyT, UNSAM)
• Localización: Pensamiento psicológico, ISSN 1657-8961, Vol. 17, Nº. 1, 2019 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Pensamiento Psicológico), págs. 87-100
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.11144/Javerianacali.PPSI17-1.mvbi
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Moduladores da vantagem bilíngue na inibição, atenção m tarefas de mudança
  • Modulating Factors of the Bilingual Advantage in Inhibition, Attention and Task Switching
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Dialnet Métricas: 2 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    Objetivo. Revisar la literatura para identificar si existen diferencias en el desempeño ejecutivo de la atención, inhibición y tareas de cambio entre personas bilingües y monolingües. Método. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica utilizando las palabras clave: bilingüismo, funciones ejecutivas y atención; 36 artículos cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Estos se dividieron en tres grupos, según la edad de las muestras estudiadas: en niños, adultos jóvenes y adultos mayores. Resultados. Los factores principales que modelaron los resultados comportamentales fueron la edad de adquisición y el contexto de uso del segundo idioma. Además, se encontraron diferentes perfiles de desempeño en las tareas de funciones ejecutivas, según el grupo etario. Conclusión. Los mejores desempeños ejecutivos se observaron en aquellas personas bilingües que adquirieron su segundo idioma en contextos naturales, de uso frecuente para el hablante y a edades tempranas. Estos aportes son importantes para el ámbito escolar y de salud.

  • English

    Objective. Review the scientific literature to examine the differences on behavioral results in executive-function assessments for bilingual and monolingual. Method. It began with a bibliographic search using bilingualism and executive functions and/or attention as keywords; 36 papers fulfilled the inclusion criteria. These results were divided according to the age group studied: children, young adults and older adults. Results. The main factors that contributed to the behavioral results on bilingual populations were the age of acquisition and the context of use of the second language. Different patters emerged for the three age groups. Conclusion. Better executive performance was linked to the speaker’s natural and useful context of acquisition, and earlier start. Although it presents itself as a methodological problem, the study of bilingualism is important for both school and health-related programs.

  • português

    Escopo. Revisar a literatura para identificar às diferencias no desempenho executivo das tarefas de atenção, inibição e mudança entre populações de bilíngues e monolíngues. Metodologia. Foi feita uma procura bibliográfica usando as palavras chave: bilinguismo, funções executivas e/ou atenção; 36 artigos cumpriram os critérios de inclusão. Estes estivam divididos em três grupos, segundo a idade das amostras estudadas, em crianças, adultos jovens e adultos maiores. Resultados. Os fatores principais que modelaram os resultados comportamentais foram a idade de aquisição e o contexto de uso do segundo idioma. Além, foram achados diferentes perfis de desempenho nas tarefas de funções executivas, segundo o grupo etário. Conclusão. Os melhores desempenhos executivos foram observados em aquelas pessoas bilíngues que adquiriram seu segundo idioma em contextos naturais, de uso frequente para o falante, e em idades precoces. Estes aportes são importantes para o âmbito escolar e de saúde.

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