Demanda/Control y la Salud Mental en Profesionales de la Salud: Un Estudio en Seis Países Latinoamericanos.

• Autores: Arturo Juárez García, Aldo R. Vera Calzaretta, César Merino Soto, Viviola Gómez Ortiz, Lya Feldman, Elena Hernández
• Localización: Informació psicològica, ISSN 0214-347X, Nº. 108 (Julio-diciembre: Psicología Iberoamericana - I), 2014, págs. 2-18
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Demand/Control Model and Mental Health in Health Professionals: A Study in Six Latin-American Countries
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Dialnet Métricas: 6 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    El Modelo Demanda/Control, mediante el cuestionario del contenido del trabajo (JCQ) es quizás el método más estudiado para explorar las condiciones psicosociales del trabajo relacionadas a los problemas de salud. Aunque es utilizado extensamente en Norteamérica y Europa, en Latinoamérica su uso es muy escaso. De esta forma, como parte de un estudio multicéntrico, se concentran datos (N=989) de seis países latinoamericanos (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, México, Perú y Venezuela) en los que se analiza la asociación entre las variables del modelo y la salud mental en profesionales de la salud. Los resultados mostraron que las demandas psicológicas, el control y apoyo social estuvieron relacionados a la salud mental en todas las muestras controlando por factores demográficos, sin embargo, los mejores predictores fueron diferentes dependiendo del país. El control fue el mejor predictor para Argentina (contribución relativa a R –CRR- 68.7), demandas para México (CRR 83.3) y Perú (CRR 27.6); y para Chile, Colombia y Venezuela, el apoyo social parece ser el más importante (CRR= 17.7, 41.9, 57.9 respectivamente). La relación universal de las variables del modelo Demanda/Control y la salud mental fue confirmada en este estudio. Se sugieren análisis psicométricos del JCQ enfatizando la evaluación de la invarianza y el posible funcionamiento diferencial de algunos ítems

  • English

    The Demand/Control Model measured utilizing the Job content questionnaire (JCQ) is perhaps the most widely used model for exploring psychosocial work conditions and their relationship to health problems. While this model is widely used in North-America and Europe, in Latin-America knowledge of the model remains almost unknown. This study utilizes data from (N=989) health workers in six Latin-America countries (Argentine, Chile, Colombia, México, Peru and Venezuela) in which the association between variables of the Demand/Control Model and mental health disorders utilizing GHQ questionnaire in health workers is analyzed. The results show that psychological demands, control, and social support are all related to mental health controlling for demographical factors in all of the countries. However the best predictors were different depending on the country; thus control was the most important for Argentina (CRR 68.7), demands for México (CRR 83.3) and Perú (CRR 27.6), and social support appeared to be the most important for Chile, Colombia and Venezuela (CRR= 17.7, 41.9, 57.9 respectively). The important relationship between Demand/Control variables and mental health is supported in this study. Further psychometric analyses of the JCQ exploring differential item functioning of the scales in different Latin-American cultures are suggested

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