Promoción y prevención en salud mental: ¿esperanza fundada, vana ilusión o contrabando psicopatologizador?

• Autores: Félix Cova Solar, Pamela Grandón, Sandra Saldivia Bórquez, Carolina Inostroza, Consuelo Novoa Rivera
• Localización: Papeles del psicólogo, ISSN-e 1886-1415, ISSN 0214-7823, Vol. 40, Nº. 3, 2019, págs. 211-216
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.23923/pap.psicol2019.2894
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Promotion and prevention in mental health: Well-founded hope, futile illusion or psychopathologizing contraband?
• Enlaces
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• Dialnet Métricas: 2 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    La promoción y prevención en salud mental son crecientemente reconocidas como estrategias fundamentales. Se ha demostrado que programas promocionales y preventivos en esta área pueden ser efectivos. Existe la expectativa de que la diseminación de estos programas pueda ayudar a disminuir la brecha entre necesidades de atención en salud mental y recursos disponibles. Junto con describir estos antecedentes, este artículo analiza algunos desafíos centrales para que esta área pueda tener el desarrollo esperado. Se plantea que si este desarrollo se realiza desde la lógica del modelo médico puede contribuir a generar respuestas inadecuadas y, paradójicamente, a incrementar las necesidades de recursos en salud mental. Se analiza el riesgo que implicaría el uso masivo y recurrente del tamizaje de trastornos mentales desde una concepción medicalizadora. Se propone que el desarrollo de la promoción y prevención en salud mental es un desafío mayor y necesario pero que debe atender a las advertencias de lo que se denomina prevención cuaternaria

  • English

    Mental health promotion and prevention are increasingly recognized as essential strategies. It has been shown that promotional and preventive programs in this area can be effective. It is expected that spreading these programs may help to decrease the gap between the assistance needs in mental health and the resources available. Besides describing this background, this article analyzes some of the main challenges necessary to achieve the desired development in this area. It is hypothesized that, if this development is carried out based on the logic of the medical model, it may contribute to creating inappropriate answers and, paradoxically, to increasing the need for resources in mental health. We analyze the risk involved in the massive and recurrent use of mental disorder screening based on a medicalizing conception. Finally, we propose that developing promotion and prevention in mental health is a great and necessary challenge, but it must take into consideration the warnings arising from what is known as quaternary prevention.

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