Ansiedad materna prenatal, desarrollo psicológico infantil y reactividad del eje HPA en bebés de 2 a 3 meses de edad

• Autores: Fátima Prieto, José Antonio Portellano Pérez, José A. Martínez Orgado
• Localización: Clínica y salud: Investigación Empírica en Psicología, ISSN 1130-5274, Vol. 30, Nº. 1, 2019, págs. 23-33
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.5093/clysa2019a5
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Antenatal maternal anxiety, infant psychological development, and HPA axis reactivity in 2-3 month old infants
• Enlaces
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• Dialnet Métricas: 2 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    RESUMEN Los bebés expuestos a altos niveles de ansiedad materna durante la etapa prenatal pueden desarrollar un eje HPA (hipotálamo pituitario adrenal) más reactivo, lo que supone vulnerabilidad a padecer psicopatologías. En este estudio prospectivo investigamos las relaciones entre la ansiedad prenatal maternal, el desarrollo psicológico infantil y la reactividad del eje HPA en bebés de 2 a 3 meses. Recogimos datos de cuarenta y seis díadas de madres y bebés. El análisis principal no reveló relaciones significativas entre las tres variables estudiadas, pero la variabilidad apuntó a que la ansiedad materna prenatal podría asociarse a efectos diferenciales en la reactividad del eje HPA en función del desarrollo psicológico infantil. Además, los resultados indicaron que las madres con ansiedad prenatal presentaban otros síntomas psicopatológicos, como sensibilidad interpersonal (p < .001) y obsesión-compulsión (p < .001). Esto es significativo para futuras investigaciones y a nivel clínico para promover intervenciones psicológicas durante la gestación.

  • English

    ABSTRACT Babies exposed to high levels of maternal anxiety during the prenatal period may develop a more reactive HPA (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal) axis, which poses a vulnerability to psychopathology. In this prospective study, we investigated the relationships between antenatal maternal anxiety, infant psychological developmen,t and HPA axis reactivity in 2 to 3-month-old babies. We use data from forty-six mother-child dyads. The main analysis did not reveal significant relationships between the variables studied, but the variability pointed out that antenatal maternal anxiety could be associated with differential effects on the reactivity of the HPA axis according to the child’s psychological development. In addition, the results indicated that mothers with prenatal anxiety presented other psychopathological symptoms, such as interpersonal sensitivity (p < .001) and obsession-compulsion (p < .001). This is significant for future research and - at a clinical level - to promote psychological interventions during pregnancy.

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