Modernas tendencias de la psicología del deporte en la asociación psicológica rusa

• Autores: Alyona Grushko, Alexander V. Isaev, Igor V. Kaminskyc, Elena V. Leonova, Irina S. Polikanovae
• Localización: Papeles del psicólogo, ISSN-e 1886-1415, ISSN 0214-7823, Vol. 40, Nº. 1, 2019 (Ejemplar dedicado a: La psicoterapia como ciencia humana), págs. 64-73
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Modern trends of sport psychology in russian psychological society
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    El artículo describe las principales tendencias de la psicología del deporte en Rusia. En la actualidad, la psicología del deporte en Rusia y en otros países muestra un nuevo estadio de desarrollo, que se atribuye a la aceptación de la influencia de las características psicólogicas en el rendimiento atlético. La psicología del deporte rusa pretende desarrollar métodos y técnicas óptimas que faciliten la mejora del rendimiento deportivo y la detección de tendencias desfavorables. En el artículo, se describen los principales enfoques teóricos y líneas de pensamiento psicológicas que fundamentaron el curso histórico de la psicología del deporte rusa. Se debaten también los principios metodológicos para el desarrollo de habilidades físicas en los jóvenes atletas. A la vez, se presentan las nuevas vías de investigación de la psicología del deporte en Rusia: percepción del tiempo, atención, atención visual en los escenarios de campo, anticipación, entrenamiento mental e imaginación motora. Cada uno de dichos temas destaca los recientes avances de la psicología del deporte en Rusia con una perspectiva general de los principales estudios, mostrando sus hallazgos específicos y su interpretación desde el punto de vista científico contemporáneo. Además, se propone un enfoque en tres pasos para el desarrollo de las intervenciones en imaginación mental en los deportes. Desde el punto de vista teórico puede ser utilizado para estandarizar la investigación sobre imaginación mental en los deportes, controlando sistemáticamente todas las variables que pueden tener influencia en los resultados del estudio. En general, el artículo abarca tanto los aspectos teóricos y metodológicos de la psicología del deporte en Rusia, como ejemplos de estudios específicos que proporcionan una oportunidad para futuras líneas de investigación

  • English

    The current article is devoted to the main trends of sports psychology in Russia. At present, sports psychology in Russia and abroad is at a new stage of development, which is attributed to the acceptance of the notion that psychological characteristics influence the athletic performance. Russian sports psychology is basically aimed at the development of optimal methods and techniques facilitating the improvement of sport performance and detecting adverse tendencies in athletes. Several main theoretical approaches and psychological schools of thought that determined the historical course of Russian sports psychology are described in the article. Methodological principles for physical skills development in young athletes are discussed as well. The following modern research avenues of Russian sports psychology are also presented in this paper: time perception, attention, visual attention in field settings, anticipation, mental training and motor imagery. Each of these topics highlights the recent advances of sports psychology in Russia with an overview of the key studies providing their specific findings and interpretation in terms of contemporary scientific views. In addition, the three-step approach is proposed for the development of mental imagery interventions in sports. From the theoretical perspective, this approach can be used to standardize mental imagery research in sports by systematically controlling all variables that can influence study results.

    Overall, the article encompasses both the theoretical methodological aspects of Russian sports psychology and the examples of specific studies providing an opportunity to look forward to future lines of research

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