El "perdón" en violencia de género y sus efectos en la salud.

• Autores: María Aranda López, Beatriz Montes Berges, Miguel Mora Pelegrín
• Localización: International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology: INFAD. Revista de Psicología, ISSN 0214-9877, Vol. 1, Nº. 2, 2017 (Ejemplar dedicado a: La psicología hoy: retos, logros y perspectivas de futuro. Psicología de la Adolescencia), págs. 205-214
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.17060/ijodaep.2017.n2.v1.1122
• Títulos paralelos:
  • "Forgiveness" in gender violence and its effects on health.
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    Las consecuencias asociadas al tipo de perdón empleado por las mujeres que han sido víctimas de violencia de género pueden adquirir gran relevancia terapéutica. Desde una perspectiva tradicional, éste implica la reducción de los sentimientos negativos hacia el agresor y la aparición de compasión, lo que aumenta la probabilidad de retomar la relación. Por su parte, no perdonar supondría rabia, culpabilidad, evitación y otra serie de efectos negativos. Finalmente, el perdón disposicional implica la superación de los acontecimientos negativos vividos. El objetivo del estudio fue establecer la relación entre el perdón y las enfermedades psicosomáticas en mujeres que han sido víctimas de violencia de género. Participaron 17 mujeres de entre 26 y 60 años. Los resultados mostraron un efecto significativo del nivel de perdón y el tipo (perdón a la situación y autoperdón, perdón al otro) sobre las enfermedades psicosomáticas. De forma general, las dificultades para perdonar se asociaban a mayores frecuencias en la aparición de algunos síntomas psicosomáticos.

  • English

    The consequences of the type of forgiveness employed have great therapeutic relevance for battered women. From a traditional perspective, forgiveness involves the reduction of negative feelings towards the aggressor and the appearance of compassion, which increases the probability of retaking the relationship. Not to forgive would mean rage, guilt, avoidance and another series of negative effects on women. Finally, dispositional forgiveness involves overcoming negative events. The aim of the study was, therefore, to establish the relationship between forgiveness and psychoso- matic illness in women who have been victims of gender violence. In the study 17 women were involved; the aged range was 26 to 60. The results showed a significant effect of the level of forgiveness and its type (forgiveness of the situation and self-forgiveness, forgiveness of the other) on psychosomatic illnesses. In general, the difficulties to forgive were associated with higher frequencies in the appearance of some psychosomatic symptoms.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Berry, J.W., Worthington Jr., E.L., Parrot, L., O’Connor, L.E. y Wade, N.G. (2001). Dispositional forgivingness: Development and construct...
  • Berry, J.W. y Worthington Jr., E.L. (2001). Forgivingness, relationship quality, stress while imagining relationship events, and physical...
  • Bono, G., McCullough, M.E. y Root, L.M. (2008). Forgiveness, feeling connected to others, and well-being: two longitudinal studies. Personality...
  • Brown, R.P. (2003). Measuring individual differences in the tendency to forgive: construct validity and links with depression. Personality...
  • Coker, A.L., Smith, P.H., McKeown, R.E. y King, M.L. (2000). Frequency and correlates of intimate partner violence by type: Physical, sexual,...
  • Eberhard-Gran, M., Schei, B. y Eskild, A. (2007). Somatic Symptoms and Diseases are more Common in Women Exposed to Violence. Journal of General...
  • Enright, R.D. (1996). Counseling Within the Forgiveness Triad: On Forgiving, Receiving Forgiveness, and Self-Forgiveness. Counseling and Values,...
  • Enright, R.D. y Fitzgibbons, R.P. (2000). Helping clients forgive: an empirical guide for resolving anger and restoring hope. Washington,...
  • Follingstad, D.R. (2009). Psychological aggression and women’s mental health: the status of the field. Trauma Violence Abuse, 10(3), 271–89.
  • Gordon, K.C. y Baucom, D.H. (1998). Understanding betrayals in marriage: A synthesized model of forgiveness. Family Process, 37, 425-449.
  • Gordon, K.C., Hughes, F.M, Tomcik, N.D., Dixon, L.J. y Litzinger, S.C. (2009). Widening spheres of impact: The role of forgiveness in marital...
  • Hall, J.H. y Fincham, F.D. (2005). Self–Forgiveness: the stepchild of forgiveness research. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 24(5),...
  • Harris, A.H.S. y Thoresen, C.E. (2005). Forgiveness, unforgiveness, health, and disease. En J. Everett, L. Worthington (Ed.), Handbook of...
  • Heise, L., Ellsberg, M. y Gottemoeller, M. (1999). Ending violence against women. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University, School of Public Health,...
  • Jacinto, G.A. (2010). The self-forgiveness process of caregivers after the death of care-receivers diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Journal...
  • Jackson, H., Philp, E., Nuttall, R.L. y Diller, L. (2002). Traumatic brain injury: A hidden consequence for battered women. Professional Psychology...
  • Kaplan, B.H., Monroe-Blum, H. y Blazer, D.G. (1994). Religion, health and forgiveness. En J.S. Levin (Ed.). Religion in Aging and Health (pp....
  • Karremans, J.C. y Van Lange, P.A.M. (2008). The role of forgiveness in shifting from “me” to“we”. Self and Identity, 7, 75-88.
  • Kendall-Tackett, K., Marshall, R. y Ness, K. (2003). Chronic pain syndromes and violence againstwomen. Women & Therapy, 26, 45-56.
  • Lawler, K.A., Younger, J.W., Piferi, R.L., Billington, E., Jobe, R., Edmondson, K. y Jones, W.H.(2003). A Change of Heart: Cardiovascular...
  • Mauger, P.A., Perry, J.E., Freeman, T., Grove, D.C, McBride, A.G. y McKinney K.E. (1992). The measurement of forgiveness: preliminary research....
  • McCauley, J., Kern, D., Kolodner, K., Dill, L,. Schroeder, A., et al. (1995). The “battering syndrome”:prevalence and clinical characteristics...
  • McCullough, M.E. y Witvliet, C.V.O. (2002). The psychology of forgiveness. En C.R. Snyder y S.J. López (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology...
  • Paleari, F.G., Regalia, C. y Fincham, F.D. (2009). Measuring offence-specific forgiveness in marriage: The Marital Offence-Specific Forgiveness...
  • Peale, N. V. (1952). The power of positive thinking. New-York: Prentice-Hall.
  • Pico-Alfonso, M.A., Garcia-Linares, M.I., Celda-Navarro, N., Blasco-Ros, C., Echeburúa, E. y Martinez, M. (2006). The impact of physical,...
  • Prieto-Ursúa, M., Carrasco Galán, M.J., Cagigal de Gregorio, V., Gismero González, E., Martínez Díaz, M.P. y Muñoz San Roque, I. (2012). El...
  • Prieto-Ursúa, M. y Echegoyen, I. (2015). ¿Perdón a uno mismo, autoaceptación o restauración intrapersonal? Cuestiones abiertas en psicología...
  • Romero, C., Kalidas, M., Elledge, R., Chang, J., Liscum, K.R. y Friedman, L.C. (2006). Self-forgiveness, spirituality and psychological adjustment...
  • Ross, S.R., Kendall, A.C., Matters, K.G., Wrobel, y Rye, M.S. (2004). A personological examination of self-and other-forgiveness in the five...
  • Thompson, L.Y., Snyder, C.R., Hoffman, L., Michael, S.T., Rasmussen, H.N., Billings, L.S., et al. (2005). Dispositional forgiveness of self,...
  • Wade, N.H., Johnson, C.V. y Meyer, J.E. (2008). Understanding concerns about intervention to promote forgiveness: a review of the literature....
  • Williamson, I. y Gonzales, M.H. (2007). The subjective experience of forgiveness: Positive construals of the forgiveness experience. Journal...
  • Witviet, C.V.O, Ludwig, T.E. y Vander Laan, K.L. (2001). Granting forgiveness or harboring grudges: implications for emotion, physiology and...
  • Wohl, M.J.A., DeShea, L. y Wahkinney, R.L. (2008). Looking Within: Measuring State Self- Forgiveness and Its Relationship to Psychological...
  • Zechmeister, J.S. y Romero, C. (2002). Victim and offender accounts of interpersonal conflict: Autobiographical narratives of forgiveness...