Flexibilidad cognitiva y control contextual de clases de equivalencia de estímulos según la naturaleza de las claves contextuales

• Arismendi, Mariana ^[1] ; Iorio, Alberto ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Buenos Aires

     Universidad de Buenos Aires

     Argentina

     
• Localización: Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento ( RACC ), ISSN-e 1852-4206, Vol. 10, Nº. 2, 2018 (Ejemplar dedicado a: REVISTA ARGENTINA DE CIENCIAS DEL COMPORTAMIENTO), págs. 1-10
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.30882/1852.4206.v10.n2.19459
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    El control contextual de clases de equivalencia de estímulos (CEE) emerge de discriminaciones condicionales (DC) de segundo orden, donde un estímulo puede pertenecer a diferentes CEE según el contexto, permitiendo estudiar experimentalmente conductas flexibles. La prueba de clasificación de cartas de Wisconsin (WCST) también evalúa flexibilidad cognitiva, aunque mediante criterios no arbitrarios. En este estudio se evaluó el desempeño de 52 participantes en una tarea de DC de segundo orden, utilizando claves contextuales de diferente naturaleza (arbitrarias/verbales), y se lo comparó con su rendimiento en la WCST. Se observó que, si bien las claves verbales adquirieron su función contextual más rápidamente que las arbitrarias, no impactaron diferencialmente sobre el control contextual de CEE. Se encontraron fuertes asociaciones entre los rendimientos en ambas tareas. Los resultados son interpretados considerando diferencias en la arbitrariedad de los estímulos y la conveniencia de utilizar procedimientos rigurosos en la evaluación de la flexibilidad relacional.

  • English

    Cognitive flexibility and contextual control of stimulus equivalence classes according to the nature of contextual cues. Contextual control of stimuli equivalence classes (SEC) emerges from second order conditional discriminations (CD): in this procedure, a stimulus can belong to different SEC according to the context. This characteristic allows the experimental study of flexible behaviors. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) also assesses cognitive flexibility, though by non-arbitrary criteria. In this study, the performance of 52 participants in a second-order CD task was evaluated, using contextual cues of different nature (arbitrary / verbal), and compared with their performance in the WCST. The results showed that, although verbal keys acquired their contextual function more readily than the arbitrary ones, they did not have a differential impact on the contextual control of SEC. Strong associations between performances in both tasks were observed. The results are discussed in terms of differences in the arbitrariness of the stimuli and the convenience of using rigorous procedures in the evaluation of relational flexibility.

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