Estimación de la prevalencia puntual de alteraciones neuropsicológicas asociadas al trastorno depresivo mayor

• Autores: Esteve Gudayol-Ferré, Joan Guàrdia Olmos, Ixchel Herrera Guzmán, Maribel Peró Cebollero, Jorge E. Herrera Abarca, Daniel Herrera-Guzmán, María Patricia Martínez Medina
• Localización: Escritos de psicología, ISSN-e 1989-3809, ISSN 1138-2635, Vol. 3, Nº 4, 2010, págs. 21-32
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.24310/espsiescpsi.v3i4.13348
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Estimated point prevalence of neuropsychological disorders associated with major depressive disorder
• Enlaces
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• Resumen
  • español

    El trastorno depresivo mayor (TDM) es un trastorno afectivo crónico que cursa con alteraciones cognitivas. El objetivo de este estudio es estimar la prevalencia de déficit neuropsicológico en personas con TDM sin tratamiento farmacológico, usando una batería de evaluación neuropsicológica, comparando los resultados obtenidos con los datos normativos de dicha batería. Otro objetivo de este trabajo es ver si existe en el TDM algunas funciones cognitivas que se alteren con mayor frecuencia. También pretendemos ver cuál es la posible relación entre las alteraciones neuropsicológicas propias del TDM y diversas variables clínicas y sociodemográficas. Un total de 174 participantes que cumplían criterios DSM-IV para el diagnóstico de TDM sin comorbilidades mayores de tipo médico (trastornos psicopatológicos o enfermedades físicas) y sin tratamiento farmacológico fueron evaluados con la Mini Entrevista Neuropsiquiátrica Internacional, la escala de Hamilton para la depresión y el Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Batttery (CANTAB). Se determinó la prevalencia del déficit neuropsicológico a partir del CANTAB y se estudiaron las relaciones entre déficit neuropsicológico y las variables edad, años de escolaridad, vocabulario del WAIS, edad del primer episodio y comorbilidad mediante estimación de Odds Ratio. Nuestros datos sugieren que la presencia de deterioro cognitivo en los pacientes con TDM presenta una prevalencia muy alta y es relativamente independiente de variables sociodemográficas y clínicas.

  • English

    Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a chronic affective disorder associated with cognitive impairment. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of neuropsychological deficit in patients with MDD who were not receiving pharmacotherapy. The results obtained from a neuropsychological assessment battery were compared to the normative data. We also investigated whether specific cognitive functions change more frequently than others in MDD and determined whether there were any associations between the neuropsychological deficits in MDD and various clinical and socio-demographic variables. A total of 174 subjects who met DSM-IV criteria for diagnosis of MDD without major medical comorbidities (psychopathology or physical illness) and who were not receiving pharmacotherapy were assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). CANTAB was used to determine the prevalence of neuropsychological deficit and studied its association with the variables age, years of education, WAIS vocabulary, age at first episode and comorbidity estimated by Odds Ratios. Our data suggest that cognitive impairment in patients with MDD has a very high prevalence and is relatively independent of socio-demographic and clinical variables.

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