Low levels of morning salivary α-amylase activity predict higher number of depressive symptoms in a community sample of children

• Enrique Francisco Maldonado ^[1] ; Eugenia Fernández ^[1] ; María Victoria Trianes ^[1] ; Carmen Ortiz ^[2] ; Alfredo Enguix ^[2] ; Mari Nislin
  1. [1] Universidad de Málaga

     Universidad de Málaga

     Málaga, España

     
  2. [2] Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria

     Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria

     Málaga, España

     
• Localización: Anales de psicología, ISSN-e 1695-2294, ISSN 0212-9728, Vol. 34, Nº. 2, 2018, págs. 224-232
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.6018/analesps.34.2.289741
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Bajos niveles de actividad alfa-amilasa salivar predicen un número más elevado de síntomas depresivos en una muestra infantil comunitaria
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    Los modelos sobre la etiología de los trastornos depresivos sugieren que el inicio de un episodio depresivo es el resultado de un complejo fenómeno que se basa en la interacción entre la carga genética, factores ambientales críticos tales como eventos vitales estresantes y traumáticos, y el efecto de los cambios neuroendocrinos asociados con la respuesta de estrés.

    Numerosos estudios han resaltado la utilidad de los niveles matutinos de cortisol (C) como un potencial predictor de episodios depresivos. El objetivo del estudio fue comparar la efectividad del C, de la actividad/secreción de la alfa-amilasa salivar (AAs) y de su ratio para predecir la sintomatología depresiva en una muestra comunitaria de 99 niños con edades entre los 8-11 años. Dos muestras de saliva fueron obtenidas en la ma- ñana en dos días escolares. Los profesores describieron el comportamiento de sus estudiantes usando la escala Teacher’s Report Form (TRF). Nuestros resultados indican que, con independencia del género, el mejor predictor de las puntuaciones de depresión/aislamiento y del total de alteraciones internalizadas del TRF fue mostrar bajos niveles de actividad de AAs en la mañana. Por lo tanto, esta medida salivar podría ser usada como un marcador biológico del riesgo para el desarrollo de un primer episodio de depresivo infantil

  • English

    Models of the etiology of depressive disorders suggest that the onset of a depressive episode is the result of a complex phenomenon based on the interaction between genetic background, critical environmental factors such as life stressors and traumatic events, and the effects of neuroendocrine changes associated with the stress response. Numerous studies have highlighted the usefulness of morning cortisol (C) as a potential predictor of depressive episodes. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of C, salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) activity/output, and the sAA/C ratio in predicting depressive symptoms in a community sample of 99 children aged 8-11 years old. Two saliva samples were obtained in the morning on two different school days. Teachers described their pupils' behavior by using the internalizing problems scales of the Teacher’s Report Form (TRF) questionnaire. Our results indicate that, regardless of gender, the best predictor of depressive/withdrawal scores and overall internalizing scores on the TRF was lower mean morning levels of sAA activity.

    Hence, sAA could be proposed as a biological marker for the risk of developing a first episode of depressive illness in child samples.

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