Age-related differences in the phenomenal characteristics of long-term memories of March 11, 2004 terrorist attack

• Rocío Vallet ^[1] ; Antonio L. Manzanero ^[1] ; Javier Aróztegui ^[1] ; Rubén García Zurdo ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Complutense de Madrid

     Universidad Complutense de Madrid

     Madrid, España

     
• Localización: Anuario de psicología jurídica, ISSN 1133-0740, Nº. 27, 2017, págs. 85-93
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.1016/j.apj.2017.03.002
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Diferencias según la edad en las características fenomenológicas de los recuerdos a largo plazo del atentado del 11 de marzo de 2004
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• Dialnet Métricas: 3 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar las diferencias, relacionadas con la edad, en las características fenomenológicas del recuerdo a largo plazo de los atentados que tuvieron lugar en Madrid (España) el 11 de marzo de 2004. Participaron 196 personas: 92 con una media de 9.60 años y 104 con una media de 39.41 años en el momento del suceso. Para evaluar su recuerdo real del suceso doce años después, se utilizó el Cuestionario sobre Características Fenomenológicas de Recuerdos Autobiográficos (CCFRA). Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos respecto a la calidad del recuerdo, su accesibilidad y las emociones asociadas al suceso. Los resultados fueron también representados utilizando gráficos de visualización hiperdimensional, apoyando la idea de que el recuerdo de hechos a largo plazo tiene patrones distintos dependiendo de la edad de la persona en el momento del suceso. Solo el recuerdo de las personas de mayor edad cumpliría criterios suficientes para generar recuerdos vívidos, mientras que en el caso de los más jóvenes no parece generarse este tipo de memoria. Las personas más jóvenes son probablemente menos capaces de evaluar las consecuencias de un suceso, lo que provocará una menor activación emocional y una forma distinta de elaborar la información del suceso, en comparación con personas de mayor edad.

  • English

    The objective of this study was to explore age-related differences in the phenomenal characteristics of long-term memories of the terrorist attacks that took place in Madrid (Spain) on March 11, 2004. One hundred and ninety-six individuals participated in this experiment: 92 were 9.60 years old on average and 104 were 39.41 years old on average at the time of the event. To evaluate their real memories of the event twelve years later, the Phenomenological Questionnaire on Autobiographical Memory was used. Differences were shown between the two groups in terms of memory quality, emotions associated with the event, and accessibility of the information remembered. Results were also represented using high-dimensional visualization (HDV) graphs, supporting the assertion that long-term event memories have different characteristics depending on the age of the individual at the time the event took place. Memories in adult people meet the criteria to be considered flashbulb memories, while in the case of the younger people this kind of memory does not seem to emerge. Young people are probably less capable of evaluating the consequences of an event which results in reduced emotional arousal and a different elaboration of the event memory in comparison to older adults.

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