La respuesta placebo en la depresión: Una revisión sistemática

• Autores: Sonia Pérez, José Francisco Navarro Humanes
• Localización: Revista iberoamericana de psicología y salud, ISSN 2171-2069, Vol. 8, Nº. 2, 2017, págs. 56-75
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.23923/j.rips.2017.08.006
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Placebo response in depression: A systematic review
• Enlaces
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• Resumen
  • español

    El objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática es examinar la respuesta placebo en la depresión, recabando información de los estudios publicados desde el año 2000 a la actualidad y plasmando de forma organizada los resultados de los mismos. La búsqueda se ha realizado en las bases de datos: Medline, PILOTS, Psycinfo, Scopus y Pubmed. Esta búsqueda electrónica ha sido complementada con una manual. Con ambas, se han incluido 17 documentos. Los resultados muestran la superioridad de los antidepresivos sobre los placebos; no obstante, la respuesta terapéutica ante los placebos también es elevada en todos los estudios, sobre todo en aquellos que utilizan "placebos activos". Se describen también los factores que modulan a la respuesta placebo, destacando la severidad inicial de la depresión y el número de sesiones de seguimiento. Asimismo, se exponen los hallazgos encontrados a nivel psicobiológico. Por último, se mencionan las limitaciones potenciales, las posibles directrices a seguir en investigaciones futuras y cómo el conocimiento de dicha respuesta podría afectar a la intervención en la práctica clínica.

  • English

    The aim of this systematic review is to examine the placebo response in depression, gathering and organizing studies published from 2000 to present day. The search has been conducted using Medline, PILOTS, Psycinfo, Scopus and Pubmed electronic databases, complemented with a manual one, and it has resulted in a selection of 17 articles. From these studies, the superiority of antidepressants over placebos is evidenced, although there is a high overall response in all cases, particularly when "active placebos" are used. Modulating factors behind placebo responses are also described, with special emphasis on the initial severity of the depression and the number of follow-up assessments. Psychobiology findings are explained as well. As concluding remarks, potential limitations of the employed methodologies, feasible directives for future research, and the influence of the knowledge of placebo responses in clinical practices are presented.

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