Women Occupying Management Positions in Top-Level Sport Organizations: a Self-Determination Perspective

• Autores: Andrea Perez Rivases, Miquel Torregrosa, M. Carme Viladrich i Segués, Susana Pallarés Parejo
• Localización: Anales de psicología, ISSN-e 1695-2294, ISSN 0212-9728, Vol. 33, Nº. 1, 2017, págs. 102-113
• Idioma: inglés
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Mujeres que ocupan cargos de gestión en organizaciones deportivas de primer nivel: una perspectiva desde la autodeterminación
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 4 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    Bajo el marco teórico de la Teoría de la Autodeterminación (SDT), el propósito del presente estudio fue investigar si el entorno laboral de mujeres que ocupaban cargos directivos en el deporte era de satisfacción o frustración de las necesidades psicológicas básicas (BPN), y explorar sus motivaciones en estas posiciones. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a ocho directivas de organizaciones deportivas de primer nivel.

    Los resultados mostraron que siete de ellas reportaron estar en un entorno de satisfacción de las BPN y experimentaban motivación autónoma en su trabajo. Por el contrario, una participante reportó trabajar en un contexto de frustración de las BPN y experimentaba motivación controlada.

    Presentamos los antecedentes contextuales expuestos por las directivas que consideramos de satisfacción o frustración de sus BPN. Asumiendo que la satisfacción de las BPN está relacionada con la motivación autónoma y el bienestar, el presente trabajo proporciona una primera aproximación sobre cómo las organizaciones deportivas podrían promover la satisfacción de las BPN de las directivas y aumentar así su motivación autónoma y bienestar en el cargo

  • English

    Framed in Self-determination theory (SDT), the purpose of this research was to examine whether the working environment of women in sport management positions could fulfil or thwart their basic psychological needs (BPN) and to explore the motivations that women managers experience in these positions. Eight female managers of top-level sport organizations participated in semi-structured interviews. Results showed that seven of them reported being in an environment that fulfilled their BPN and experienced autonomous motivation in their job. In contrast, one participant reported working in a context that thwarted her BPN and experienced controlled motivation. We present contextual antecedents that were considered satisfying or thwarting of the BPN of those women enrolled in management positions. Insomuch as BPN satisfaction is expected to be related to autonomous motivation and well-being, the current study provides a first insight regarding how sport organizations could promote women managers’ BPN satisfaction and thus increase their autonomous motivation and well-being in such positions

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Adriaanse, J., & Schofield, T. (2014). The impact of gender quotas on gender equality in sport governance. Journal of Sport Management,...
  • Alcaraz, S., Torregrosa, M., & Viladrich, C. (2014). How coaches’ motivations mediate between basic psychological needs and well-being/...
  • Allen, J. B., & Shaw, S. (2009). Women coaches’ perceptions of their sport organizations’ social environment: Supporting coaches’ psychological...
  • Allen, J. B., & Shaw, S. (2013). An interdisciplinary approach to examining the working conditions of women coaches. International Journal...
  • Boezeman, E. J., Ellemers N. (2009). Intrinsic need satisfaction and the job attitudes of volunteers versus employees working in a charitable...
  • Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 82, 897-914, doi:10.1348/096317908x383742
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3, 77-101. doi: 10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
  • Bruening, J. E., y Dixon, M. A. (2007). Work–family conflict in coaching II: Managing role conflict. Journal of Sport Management, 21, 471-496.
  • Cameron, J. (1996). Trail blazers: Women who manage New Zealand sport. Christchurch, New Zealand: Sports Inclined.
  • Chantelat, P., Bayle, E., & Ferrand, C. (2004). Les représentations de l’activité des femmes dirigeantes dans les fédérations sportives...
  • Claringbould, I., & Knoppers, A. (2007). Finding a ‘normal’ woman: Selection processes for board membership. Sex Roles, 56(7-8), 495-507....
  • Claringbould, I., & Knoppers, A. (2012). Paradoxical practices of gender in sport-related organizations. Journal of Sport Management,...
  • Deci, E. L. & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. Nueva York: Plenum Press.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “what” and the “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological...
  • Dixon, M. A., y Bruening, J. E. (2007). Work–family conflict in coaching I: A top-down perspective. Journal of Sport Management, 21, 377-406.
  • Dixon, M. A., & Cunningham, G. B. (2006). Multi-level analysis in sport management: Conceptual issues and review of aggregation techniques....
  • European Parliament (2003). Women and Sport: European Parliament resolution on women and sport (2002/2280(INI)). Retrieved from http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//NONSGML+TA+P5-TA-2003-0269+0+DOC+PDF+V0//EN
  • Fernández-Alcántara, M., García-Caro, M.P., Pérez-Marfil, N., & Cruz-Quintana, F. (2013). Experiencias y obstáculos de los psicólogos...
  • Fink, J. S. (2008). Gender and sex diversity in sport organizations: Concluding comments. Sex Roles, 58(1-2), 146-147. doi:10.1007/s11199-007-9364-4.
  • Gagné, M., & Deci, E. L. (2005). Self-determination theory and work motivation. Journal of Behavior, 26, 331-362.
  • Gagné, M., Ryan, R. M., & Bargmann, K. (2003). Autonomy support and need satisfaction in the motivation and well-being of gymnasts. Journal...
  • Gillet, N., Fouquereau, E., Forest, J., Brunault, P., & Colombat, P. (2012). The impact of organizational factors on psychological needs...
  • IOC (2010). Gender equality and leadership in Olympic bodies: Women, leadership and the Olympic movement 2010. Retrieved from: http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Olympism_in_action/Women_and_sport/GENDER_EQUALITY_AND_LEADERSHIP_IN_OLYMPIC_BODIES.pdf
  • IOC (2013). Factsheet women in the Olympic movement. http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Reference_documents_Factsheets/Women_in_Olympic_Movement.pdf
  • Kilty, K. (2006). Women in coaching. The Sport Psychologist, 20(2), 222-234.
  • Mallett, C. J., & Hanrahan, S. J. (2004). Elite athletes: Why does the ‘fire’ burn so brightly? Psychology of Sport and Exercise 5, 183–200....
  • Martin, P., & Bernard, A. (2013). The experience of women in male-dominated occupations: A constructivist grounded theory inquiry. SA...
  • Maxwell, J. A. (2002). Understanding and validity in qualitative research. In A.M Huberman & M.B. Miles (Eds.), The qualitative researcher’s...
  • Moreno, J.A., Cervelló, E., & González-Cutre, D. (2010). The achievement goal and self-determination theories as predictors of dispositional...
  • McLean, K. N., & Mallet, C. J. (2012). What motivates de motivators? An examination of sports coaches. Physical Education & Sport...
  • Ntoumanis, N. (2012). A self-determination theory perspective on motivation in sport and physical education: Current trends and possible future...
  • Patton, M.Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
  • Ramis, Y., Torregrosa, M., Viladrich, C., & Cruz, J. (2013). El apoyo a la autonomía generado por entrenadores, compañeros y padres y...
  • Ryan, R. M. & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being....
  • Sibson, R. (2010). I was banging my head against a brick wall: Exclusionary power and the gendering of sport organizations. Journal of Sport...
  • Sparkes, A. C., & Smith, B. (2014). Qualitative research methods in sport, exercise and health. From process to product. Abingdon: Routledge.
  • Spoor, J. R., & Hoye, R. (2014). Perceived support and women's intentions to stay at a sport organization. British Journal of Management,...
  • Stebbings, J., Taylor, I. M., Spray, C. M., & Ntoumanis, N. (2012). Antecedents of perceived coach interpersonal behaviors: The coaching...
  • Weaver, M. A., & Chelladurai, P. (1999). A mentoring model for management in sport and physical education. Quest, 51, 24-38. doi:10.1080/00336297.1999.10491666
  • Wicker, P., Breuer, C., & Von Hanau, T. (2012). Gender Effects on Organizational Problems-Evidence from Non-Profit Sports Clubs in Germany....
  • Zamora, R., Muñoz-Cobos, F., Burgos, M.L., & Carrasco, A. (2012). Modelo de estadios de cambio: compatibilidad con relatos biográficos...