Falso reconocimiento en listas DRM con tres palabras críticas: Asociación directa vs. inversa

• Sara Cadavid ^[1] ; María Soledad Beato ^[1] ; Ángel Fernandez ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Salamanca

     Universidad de Salamanca

     Salamanca, España

     
• Localización: Psicológica: Revista de metodología y psicología experimental, ISSN-e 1576-8597, ISSN 0211-2159, Vol. 33, Nº 1, 2012, págs. 31-48
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • False recognition in DRM lists with three critical words: Forward vs. Backward association.
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo  1 (pdf)   2  
• Dialnet Métricas: 7 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    En este trabajo se ha estudiado el falso reconocimiento utilizando el paradigma Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM). Concretamente, se ha analizado el efecto diferencial de la fuerza asociativa directa e inversa sobre el falso reconocimiento, a la vez que se ha estudiado el papel desempeñado por el alto o bajo nivel de asociación de las listas en este tipo de ilusiones asociativas de memoria. Se emplearon 16 listas compuestas por 6 palabras asociadas y 3 palabras críticas. Ocho listas se construyeron a partir de la fuerza asociativa directa y ocho a partir de la fuerza asociativa inversa. Se controlaron los niveles de asociación de las listas para que las listas fueran comparables entre sí en cuanto a nivel de asociación, existiendo dos grupos en función del alto o bajo nivel de asociación. Los resultados mostraron que las listas DRM con 3 palabras críticas producían falso reconocimiento, siendo adecuada su utilización en procedimientos experimentales que requieran emplear más de un ensayo crítico por lista. Al comparar los diferentes tipos de listas, los análisis indicaban que el porcentaje de falso reconocimiento de las listas con baja fuerza asociativa directa (19.50%) era significativamente más bajo que el falso reconocimiento del resto de las listas (alta y baja fuerza asociativa inversa y alta fuerza asociativa directa), donde el falso reconocimiento superaba el 42%.

  • English

    False recognition (FR) was studied in one experiment using the Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm.

    Specifically, the differential contributions of forward associative strength and backward associative strength were analyzed, together with an analysis of the role played by the associative level of the lists on this kind of memory illusion. Materials consisted of 16 lists, each was formed by 6 to-beremembered associates and 3 critical, never studied, words. Eight lists were constructed on the basis of forward associative strength, and the other 8 lists were constructed on the basis of backward associative strength. In all cases, the lists were matched for level of association, and further divided into two sets, to obtain comparable lists of each type with high and low associative levels. The results showed that, globally, DRM lists with 3 critical words produced robust levels of false recognition, rendering them appropriate for experimental procedures that require more than one critical trial per list. A comparison of the different types of lists revealed that false recognition with low forward-associative-strength lists (19.50%) was significantly lower than with the other 3 types of lists (low and high backward-associative-strength, and high forward-associative-strength), for which false recognition exceeded 42%.

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