Inverting the pyramid of needs: Positive psychology’s new order for labor success

• Edgar Cabanas ^[1] ; José-Carlos Sánchez González ^[2]
  1. [1] Max Planck Institute for Human Development

     Max Planck Institute for Human Development

     Berlin, Stadt, Alemania

     
  2. [2] Universidad de Oviedo

     Universidad de Oviedo

     Oviedo, España

     
• Localización: Psicothema, ISSN-e 1886-144X, ISSN 0214-9915, Vol. 28, Nº. 2, 2016, págs. 107-113
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2015.267
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Invirtiendo la pirámide de las necesidades: la psicología positiva y la nueva lógica del éxito laboral
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Dialnet Métricas: 8 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    Antecedentes: los psicólogos positivos defienden haber demostrado una relación causal entre la felicidad y el éxito en la vida, siendo la primera la razón de por qué hay gente a la que le va mejor que a otra, especialmente en el ámbito del trabajo. Método: analizamos el papel que juegan los repertorios y las técnicas de la felicidad de los psicólogos positivos en el ámbito laboral actual. Resultados: los repertorios y técnicas de los psicólogos positivos no solamente satisfacen las nuevas demandas laborales surgidas en las últimas décadas a raíz de las transformaciones en las nociones de “trabajo” y “trabajador”, sino que también introducen una lógica completamente nueva de la construcción de la subjetividad de los trabajadores, de acuerdo con la cual la felicidad deviene en un estado psicológico necesario que todo trabajador debe alcanzar y desarrollar con el fin de tener éxito. Discusión: esta lógica emergente, sin embargo, no se circunscribe únicamente al mundo laboral, sino que es síntoma de un fenómeno económico y cultural más amplio.

  • English

    Antecedents: Positive psychologists claim to have demonstrated a causal relationship between happiness and life success, with the former accounting for why people usually end up better off in life than others, especially at workplace. Method: In this paper we will analyse the role that happiness-based repertoires and techniques provided by positive psychologists are playing in the current labor sphere. Results: Positive psychologists’ repertoires and techniques do not only meet the emerging demands derived from the changes in the notions of “work” and “worker” in the last decades, but also introduce a whole new logic in the construction of professional workers’ subjectivity, according to which happiness becomes a necessary psychological state that workers must first achieve and develop in order to attain job success at work. Discussion: This emerging logic does not only circumscribe to the labor sphere, but also reflects a broader cultural and economic phenomenon.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Ahmed, S. (2010). The promise of happiness. North Carolina: Duke University Press.
  • Baron, R. A. (2008). The role of affect in the entrepreneurial process. Academy of Management Review, 33(2), 328-340.
  • Bauman, Z. (2001). Consuming life. Journal of Consumer Culture, 1(1), 9-29.
  • Beck, U., & Beck-Gernsheim, E. (2002). Individualization. Institutionalized individualism and its social and political con-sequences....
  • Binkley, S. (2011). Happiness, positive psychology and the program of neoliberal governmentality. Subjectivity, 4(4), 371-394.
  • Binkley, S. (2014). Happiness as enterprise: An essay on neoliberal life. New York: Suny Press.
  • Boehm, J. K., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). Does happiness promote career success? Journal of Career Assessment, 16(1), 101-116.
  • Boltanski, L., & Chiapello, E. (2006). The new spirit of capitalism. International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society, 18(3-4),...
  • Boltanski, L., & Chiapello, E. (2007). The new spirit of capitalism. London: Verso.
  • Cabanas, E., & Huertas, J. A. (2014). Psicología positiva y psicología popular de la autoayuda: un romance histórico, psicológico y popular....
  • Cabanas, E., & Illouz, E. (2015). Fit fürs Gluck Positive Psychologie und ihr Einfl uss auf die Identität von Arbeitskräften in neoliberalen...
  • Cabanas, E., & Sánchez-González, J. C. (2012). The roots of positive psychology. Papeles del Psicólogo, 33(3), 172-182.
  • Catalino, L. I., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2011). A Tuesday in the life of a flourisher: The role of positive emotional reactivity in optimal...
  • Cederström, C., & Spicer, A. (2015). The wellness syndrome. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Daniels, M. (1988). The Myth of Self-Actualization. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 28(1), 7-38.
  • Danziger, K. (1997). Naming the Mind. Naming the Mind: How Psychology Found its Language. London: SAGE.
  • Davies, W. (2015). The Happiness Industry. How the Government and Big Business Sold Us Well-Being. London and New York: Verso.
  • Diener, E. (2012). New Findings and Future Directions for Subjective Well-Being Research. American Psychologist, 67(8), 590-597.
  • Diener, E., & Chan, M. Y. (2011). Happy People Live Longer: Subjective Well-Being Contributes to Health and Longevity. Applied Psychology:...
  • Diener, E., Nickerson, C., Lucas, R. E., & Sandvik, E. (2002). Dispositional affect and job outcomes. Social Indicators Research, 59,...
  • Diener, E., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Very happy people. Psychological Science, 13, 81-84.
  • Du Gay, P. (1996). Consumption and Identity at Work. London: SAGE Publications.
  • Feher, M. (2009). Self-Appreciation; or, The Aspirations of Human Capital. Public Culture, 21(1), 21-41.
  • Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The Role of Positive Emotions in Positive Psychology. The Broaden-and-Build Theory of Positive Emotions. American...
  • Fredrickson, B. L. (2009). Positivity. New York: Crown. Fredrickson, B. L. (2013). Updated thinking on positivity ratios. American Psychologist,...
  • Fredrickson, B. L., & Losada, M. F. (2005). Positive affect and the complex dynamics of human flourishing. American Psychologist, 60(7),...
  • García, R., Cabanas, E., & Loredo, J. C. (2015). La cura mental de Phineas P. Quimby y el origen de la psicoterapia moderna. Revista de...
  • Graham, C., Eggers, A., & Sukhtankar, S. (2004). Does happiness pay? An exploration based on panel data from Russia. Journal of Economic...
  • Harvey, D. (2007). A Brief History of Neoliberalism. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Herrbach, O. (2006). A matter of feeling? The affective tone of organizational commitment and identifi cation. Journal of Organizational Behavior,...
  • Honneth, A. (2004). Organized Self-Realization: Some Paradoxes of Individualization. European Journal of Social Theory, 7(4), 463-478.
  • Ilies, R., Scott, B. A., & Judge, T. A. (2006). The interactive effects of personal traits and experienced states on intraindividual patterns...
  • Illouz, E. (2007). Cold Intimacies: The Making of Emotional Capitalism. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Illouz, E. (2008). Saving the Modern Soul. Therapy, Emotions, and the Culture of Self-Help. London: University of California Press.
  • Judge, T. A., & Hurst, C. (2008). How the rich (and happy) get richer (and happier): Relationship of core self-evaluations to trajectories...
  • Lamont, M. (2012). Toward a comparative sociology of valuation and evaluation. Annual Review of Sociology, 38(2), 1-21.
  • Linley, A., & Burns, G. W. (2010). Strengthspotting: Finding and Developing Client Resources in the Management of Intense Anger. In G....
  • Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2007). Psychological Capital. Developing the Human Competitive Edge. New York: Oxford University...
  • Lyubomirsky, S., King, L., & Diener, E. (2005). The benefi ts of frequent positive affect: Does happiness lead to success? Psychological...
  • Maslow, A. H. (1970). Motivation and Personality. New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc.
  • Neher, A. (1991). Maslow’s Theory of Motivation: A Critique. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 31(3), 89-112.
  • Newman, A., & Ucbasaran, D. (2014). Psychological Capital: A Review and Synthesis. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35(S1), S120-S138.
  • Nolan, J. J. L. (1998). The Therapeutic State. Justifying Government at Century’s End. New York: New York University Press.
  • Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2004). Character Strengths and Virtues: A Handbook and Classifi cation. New York: Oxford University...
  • Salmela-Aro, K., & Nurmi, J. E. (2007). Self-esteem during university studies predicts career characteristics 10 years later. Journal...
  • Scott, W. G. (1967). Organizational Theory: A Behavioral Analysis for Management. Illinois: Richard D. Irwin, Inc.
  • Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Flourish: A New Understanding of Happiness and Well-Being –and how to Achieve them. London: Nicholas Brealey Publishing.
  • Smith, R. (1997). The Norton History of the Human Sciences. New York: W.W. Norton.
  • Wren, D. (1994). The Evolution of Management Thought. United States: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Youssef, C. M., & Luthans, F. (2007). Positive organizational behavior in the workplace: The impact of Hope, optimism, and resilience....