Acceso usuarios
La sensibilidad materna se define como la habilidad de la madre para tomar conciencia, interpretar adecuadamente y responder de forma apropiada y contingente a las señales y comunicaciones del infante (Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters & Wall, 1978). Esta se encontraría relacionada con múltiples factores. Diversos estudios señalan que el género del niño(a), el nivel socioeconómico, nivel educacional de la madre, entre otros, explican las diferencias en sensibilidad materna. A partir de estos antecedentes, el presente estudio reporta los resultados de un trabajo acerca de las variables predictoras de sensibilidad materna en una muestra de 104 díadas madre-hijo(a) de un año de edad que asisten a sala cuna. La sensibilidad materna se evaluó con la Escala de Sensibilidad del adulto, E.S.A (Santelices, Carvacho, Farkas, León, Galleguillos & Himmel, 2012) y las variables sociodemográficas con un cuestionario ya validado en estudios previos. Los resultados reflejan efectivamente que tanto el nivel educacional de la madre, su edad y el nivel socioeconómico son predictores estadísticamente significativos de la sensibilidad materna.
The sensibility of the mother is defined as the ability of the mother to be aware, to interpret adequately and to answer of appropriately and in agreement to the signs and communications of the child (Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters & Wall, 1978). This construct would be related to multiple characteristics of the child as well as of the adult. Different studies show that factors like the sex of the child, the socioeconomic level of the family, the educational level of the mother, among others, are variables that predict differences in sensitivity of the mother. Based on those studies, the present paper aims at exploring the predictive power of some of those variables in a sample of Chilean mother-child dyads. All children were 1 year old and attended child care centers. The mothers sensibility was assessed by the Adult Scale of Sensibility, E.S.A (Santelices et to, 2012) and the socio-demographic variables by a questionnaire validated in previous studies. The results show that both the educational level of the mother, her age and the familys´ socioeconomic level are statistically significant predictors for the mothers sensibility.
