Actitudes hacia la violencia, impulsividad, estilos parentales y conducta externalizada en adolescentes: comparación entre una muestra de población general y una muestra clínica

• Autores: José Antonio Jiménez Barbero, José Antonio Ruiz Hernández, Antonio Pablo Velandrino Nicolás, Laura Llor Zaragoza
• Localización: Anales de psicología, ISSN-e 1695-2294, ISSN 0212-9728, Vol. 32, Nº. 1, 2016, págs. 132-135
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.6018/analesps.32.1.195091
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 9 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    Los Trastornos de Conducta Externalizantes (TCE) constituyen uno de los problemas de salud mental más comunes entre los adolescentes, y repercuten gravemente en el ámbito familiar, escolar y social. La finalidad de este estudio fue comparar adolescentes de población general sin diagnóstico de TCE con adolescentes de una muestra clínica en una serie de variables identificadas como predictoras de la de la conducta externalizada. El estudio incluyó a adolescentes con edades comprendidas entre 12-15 años de la Región de Murcia. Se empleó un diseño selectivo descriptivo y analítico, así como comparativo transversal en una muestra de 327 adolescentes, que se distribuyeron de la siguiente manera: (a) Grupo Clínico (GC), integrado por 59 participantes, y (b) Grupo General (GG), formado por 268 adolescentes.

    Los resultados de este estudio indican que la conducta externalizada está relacionada principalmente con la impulsividad, aunque modulada por factores relacionados con la socialización familiar y cultural del adolescente.

    Asimismo, los adolescentes de la muestra clínica describen los estilos parentales que reciben como más autoritarios y menos inductivos que los adolescentes de población general.

  • English

    Externalizing Behavior Disorders are one of the most common mental health problems among adolescents, and they have a severe impact on family, school, and social settings. The purpose of this study was to compare adolescents from the general population without an externalizing behavior diagnosis with adolescents from a clinical sample in a series of variables identified as predictors of externalizing behavior. The study included adolescents aged between 12-15 years from the Region of Murcia. A cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical design was used with a sample of 327 adolescents, who were distributed as follows: (a) Clinical Group, made up of 59 participants, and (b) General Group, made up of 268 adolescents.

    The results of this study indicate that externalizing behavior is mainly related to Impulsivity, although modulated by factors related to the adolescent's family and cultural socialization. The adolescents of the clinical sample described the parental styles they received as more authoritarian and less inductive than those of the adolescents from the general population.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Achenbach, T. M. & Edelbrock, C. S. (1984). Psychopathology of childhood. Annual Review of Psychology, 35, 227-256.
  • Achenbach, T. M. & Ruffle, T. M. (2000). The Child Behavior Checklist and related forms for assessing behavioral/emotional problems and...
  • Arseneault, L., Walsh, E., Trzesniewski, K., Newcombe, R., Caspi, A., & Moffitt, T. E. (2006). Bullying victimization uniquely contributes...
  • Barratt, E. (1985). Impulsiveness subtraits: Arousal and information processing. In Spence J. & Izard (Eds.), Motivation, emotion and...
  • Barratt, E. S. (1994). Impulsiveness and Aggression. In Monahan J. & Steadman H.J. (Eds.), Violence and Mental Disorder (pp. 61-79). Chicago:...
  • Barratt, E. S. & Patton, J. H. (1983). Impulsivity: cognitive, behavioural and psychophysiological correlates. In Zuckerman M. (Ed.),...
  • Beauchaine, T. P., Gatzke-Kopp, L., & Mead, H. K. (2007). Polyvagal Theory and Developmental Psychopathology: Emotion Dysregulation and...
  • Cunningham, P. B. & Henggeler, S. W. (2001). Implementation of an Empirically Based Drug and Violence Prevention and Intervention Program...
  • Dodge, K. A. & Crick, N. R. (1990). Social information-processing bases of aggressive behavior in children. Personality and Social Psychology...
  • Dwairy, M. A. (2008). Parental Inconsistency Versus Parental Authoritarianism: Associations with Symptoms of Psychological Disorders. Journal...
  • Edwards, R. T., Céilleachair, A., Bywater, T., Hughes, D. A., & Hutchings, J. (2007). Parenting programme for parents of children at risk...
  • Eisenberg, N., Cumberland, A., Spinrad, T. L., Fabes, R. A., Shepard, S. A., Reiser, M. et al. (2001). The Relations of Regulation and Emotionality...
  • Evans, E., Hawton, K., & Rodham, K. (2004). Factors associated with suicidal phenomena in adolescents: a systematic review of population-based...
  • Eysenck H.J. (1967). The biological basis of personality. Sprinfgield: Transaction Pub.
  • Eysenck H.J. & Eysenck M.W. (1985). Personality and individual differences: a natural science approach. New York: Plenum Press.
  • Fazio, R. H. (1989). On the power and functionality of attitudes: the role of attitude accessibility. In Pratkanis A.R., Breckler S.J., &...
  • Fazio, R. H. (2007). Attitudes as Object-Evaluation Associations of Varying Strength. Social Cognition, 25, 603-637. doi:10.1521/soco.2007.25.5.603
  • Fazio, R. H., Roskos-Ewoldsen, D. R., & Powell, M. C. (1994). Attitudes, perception, and attention. In P.M.Niedenthal & S. Kitayama...
  • Fraser, A. & Wray, J. (2008). Oppositional Defiant Disorder. Australian Family Psysician, 37, 402-405.
  • Gadow, K. D., DeVincent, C. J., Pomeroy, J., & Azizian, A. (2004). Psychiatric Symptoms in Preschool Children with PDD and Clinic and...
  • Gadow, K. D., Sprafkin, J., & Nolan, E. E. (2001). DSM-IV symptoms in community and clinic preschool children. Journal of the American...
  • Gini, G. & Pozzoli, T. (2009). Association between bullying and psychosomatic problems: a meta-analysis. Pediatrics, 123, 1059-1065. doi:10.1542/peds.2008-1215
  • Hanish, L. D. & Guerra, N. G. (2002). A longitudinal analysis of patterns of adjustment following peer victimization. . Development and...
  • Hedges, L. & Olkin, I. O. (1985). Statistical Methods for Meta-Analysis. Orlando: Academic Press.
  • Jiménez-Barbero, J. A., Llor-Esteban, B., & Ruiz-Hernández, J. A. (2014a). Influencia de la socialización familiar y de las actitudes...
  • Jiménez-Barbero, J. A., Ruiz-Hernández, J. A., Llor-Esteban, B., & Pérez-García, M. (2012). Effectiveness of antibullying school programmes:...
  • Jiménez-Barbero, J. A., Ruiz-Hernández, J. A., Llor-Esteban, B., & Waschgler, K. (2014b). Influence of attitudes, impulsivity, and parental...
  • Krevans, J. & Gibbs, J. C. (1996). Parents' Use of Inductive Discipline: Relations to Children's Empathy and Prosocial Behavior....
  • Lemos Giráldez, S., Vallejo Seco, G., & Sandoval Mena, M. (2002). Estructura factorial del Youth Self-Report (YSR). Psicothema, 14, 816-822.
  • Luengo M.A., Carrillo de la Peña M.T., & Otero J.M. (1991). The components of impulsiveness: a comparison of the 1.7 Impulsiveness Questionnaire...
  • Martínez-Ferrer, B., Murgui-Pérez, S., Musitu-Ochoa, G., & Monreal-Gimeno, M. C. (2008). El rol del apoyo parental, las actitudes hacia...
  • Meier, M. H., Slutske, W. S., Heath, A. C., & Martin, N. G. (2009). The role of harsh discipline in explaining sex differences in conduct...
  • Messer J., Goodman R., Rowe R., Meltzer H., & Maughan B. (2006). Preadolescent conduct problems in girls and boys. J.Am.Acad.Child Adolesc.Psychiatry,...
  • Mitchell, S. J., Lewin, A., Horn, I. B., Rasmussen, A., Sanders-Phillips, K., Valentine, D. et al. (2009). Violence Exposure and the Association...
  • Olson, S. L., Schilling, E. M., & Bates, J. E. (1999). Measurement of Impulsivity: Construct Coherence, Longitudinal Stability, and Relationship...
  • Peach, H. D. & Gaultney, J. F. (2013). Sleep, Impulse Control, and Sensation-Seeking Predict Delinquent Behavior in Adolescents, Emerging...
  • Porges, S. W. (1995). Orienting in a defensive world: mammalian modifications of our evolutionary heritage. A Polyvagal Theory. Psychophysiology,...
  • Rosa-Alcázar, A. I., Parada-Navas, J. L., & Rosa-Alcázar, A. (2014). Síntomas psicopatológicos en adolescentes españoles: relación con...
  • Ruiz-Hernández, J. A., Llor, L., Puebla, T., & Llor-Esteban, B. (2009). Evaluación de las creencias actitudinales hacia la violencia en...
  • Sprafkin, J., Volpe, R. J., Gadow, K. D., Nolan, E. E., & Kelly, K. (2002). A DSM-IV-referenced screening instrument for preschool children:...
  • Stevens, V., Van Oost, P., & De Bourdeaudhuij, I. (2000). The effects of an anti-bullying intervention programme on peers' attitudes...
  • Torrente-Hernández, G. & Vazsonyi, A. T. (2008). The salience of the family in antisocial and delinquent behaviors among spanish adolescents....
  • Van Roy, B., Grøholt, B., Heyerdahl, S., & Clench-Aas, J. (2006). Self-reported strengths and difficulties in a large Norwegian population...
  • World Health Organization (2010). International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision. Geneva:...
  • Zun, L. S., Downey, L., & Rosen, J. (2004). An emergency department-based program to change attitudes of youth toward violence. The Journal...