Desarrollo de la Capacidad de Memoria de Trabajo: Efectos de Interferencia Inter e Intra Dominio en Niños de Edad Escolar

• Canet-Juric, Lorena ^[1] ; Introzzi, Isabel ^[1] ; Burin, Débora ^[2]
  1. [1] Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata

     Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata

     Argentina

     
  2. [2] Universidad Nacional de Buenos Aires CONICET
• Localización: Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento ( RACC ), ISSN-e 1852-4206, Vol. 7, Nº. 1, 2015 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Número Especial: "Desarrollo de funciones ejecutivas - Development of executive functions")
• Idioma: español
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Dialnet Métricas: 8 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    La memoria de trabajo (MT) refiere al sistema cognitivo que se ocupa del almacenamiento temporal y procesamiento concurrente de estímulos. Se ha propuesto que la habilidad para inhibir información irrelevante subyace a los cambios en MT observados durante la infancia, ya que la habilidad inhibitoria en el paradigma de doble tarea cambiaría dependiendo de que las tareas primaria y secundaria sean de similar o diferente modalidad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue explorar el desarrollo de la MT en los dominios verbal y visoespacial tomando en cuenta la interferencia de modalidad específica versus no específica. Para ello se administró a 100 niños, de entre nueve y 11 años de edad, una batería basada en el paradigma dual que consta de tareas primarias y secundarias verbales y viso-espaciales. Los resultados muestran menores rendimientos de la memoria viso-espacial, mejor rendimiento sin tarea concurrente, y con tareas concurrentes intermodales, y diferencias en el rendimiento en tareas concurrentes interdominio verbal y espacial en los tres grupos etáreos. Estos hallazgos ponen en duda el papel del control inhibitorio en el desarrollo de la memoria de trabajo en la edad evaluada.

  • English

    Development of working memory capacity: schoolchildren interference inter-domain and intra-domain effects. Working memory (WM) refers to the cognitive system that deals with temporary storage and concurrent stimuli processing. It has been proposed that the ability to inhibit irrelevant information underlies the observed changes in WM during childhood. Since the inhibitory ability in the dual-task paradigm changes depending on the similarity of modality in the primary and secondary tasks, the aim of this study was to replicate and extend previously observed intra and intermodal interference effects in late childhood. A battery based on the dual paradigm consisting of primary and secondary verbal and visuospatial tasks was administrated to children aged between nine and 11 years old. Results showed lower overall performance in visuospatial memory, and in memory without concurrent task.  Although there were significant age effects in memory, showing developmental changes in working memory, intermodal concurrent tasks did not show differences as a function of age. These findings call into question the role of inhibitory control in the development of working memory in this age bracket.

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