Obsessive-compulsive disorder in the perinatal period: epidemiology, phenomenology, pathogenesis, and treatment

• Autores: Álvaro Frías Ibáñez, Carolina Palma Sevillano, Francisco Barón, Paloma Varela, Ana Álvarez, Ana Salvador
• Localización: Anales de psicología, ISSN-e 1695-2294, ISSN 0212-9728, Vol. 31, Nº. 1, 2015, págs. 1-7
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.6018/analesps.31.1.168511
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen
  • español

    El objetivo de la presente revisión teórica es describir los prin-cipales hallazgos e investigaciones sobre el trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo (TOC) durante el período perinatal. Por una parte, los estudios epidemioló-gicos señalan que en esta etapa aumenta el riesgo de debut y/o exacerba-ción del TOC, especialmente en el puerperio. A nivel fenomenológico, pre-dominan las obsesiones agresivas y de contaminación relacionadas con la figura del feto o neonato. En cuanto a su etiopatogenia, existen evidencias indirectas para postular la participación de variables neuroendocrinas (p.e. esteroides gonadales femeninos y oxitocina) y cognitivo-conductuales (p.e. hiperresponsabilidad, sobreestimación de la amenaza y control mental), siendo necesaria una mayor contrastación empírica de estos correlatos y/o factores de vulnerabilidad específicos. En el ámbito interventivo, se carece de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados con grupo control adaptados a las caracte-rísticas idiosincrásicas de este subgrupo de sujetos con TOC. Así mismo, se destaca el papel de la terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC) en el marco de la prevención primaria selectiva

  • English

    The aim of this review is to describe the main theoretical find-ings and research conclusions about obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in the perinatal period. On one hand, epidemiological studies show that the risk of OCD onset and/or exacerbation could increase in this period, par-ticularly in the puerperium. Phenomenologically, in this stage aggressive and contamination obsessions are very common and are related to the fe-tus or newborn. On the other hand, regarding OCD pathogenesis in this period, there is indirect evidence to suggest the participation of neuroendo-crine (e.g. female gonadal steroids and oxytocin) and cognitive behavioural variables (e.g. hyper-responsibility, threat overestimation, and mental con-trol). In terms of research, more empirical studies are needed to contrast these specific vulnerability factors. Moreover, no empirically validated psy-chotherapeutic treatments (controlled trials) adapted to this OCD sub-group were found, although some studies highlight the role of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) as an effective intervention in the context of se-lective primary prevention

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