Acceso usuarios
José Antonio León Cascón, Ángel Martín, Olga Pérez
Título, titular, resumen, artículos periodísticos, comprensión y recuerdo de la noticia, prensa, estructura de la noticia, inferencias, educación.
In two experiments, we attempted to analyse the effects of news headlines and short summary in newspaper articles on reading comprehension. During the first experiment, 117 9th grade, and 68 11th grade students, 79 first-year Psychology undergraduates, and 66 final-year Journalist students participated in the study. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of the following experimental conditions, in which they had to read: 1) The whole news item (headline, summary, and text); 2) headline and text; 3) summary and text; and 4) text only. The data were recorded using immediate and delayed free-recall tasks. The results showed that the structure of the news did not influence recall, and that there were differences between groups in the amount and quality of recall. In the second experiment, news headline and summary were modified by applying macrostructural criteria. 98 1st-yr. Psychology students participated. The results showed that an improvement in article recall did occur with the modified version compared to the original. In conclusion, the two experiments confirm that journalists� aims and criteria differ from those held by the authors of scientific texts.
